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We present two new schemes for quantum key distribution (QKD) that neither require entanglement nor an ideal single-photon source, making them implementable with commercially available single-photon sources. These protocols are shown to be…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-05-13 Arindam Dutta , Anirban Pathak

The binary (one-bit-per-photon) encoding that most existing quantum key distribution (QKD) protocols employ puts a fundamental limit on their achievable key rates, especially under high channel loss conditions associated with long-distance…

We present a quantum secure imaging (QSI) scheme based on the phase encoding and weak + vacuum decoy-state BB84 protocol of quantum key distribution (QKD). It allows us to implement a computational ghost imaging (CGI) system with more…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-10-03 Yi-Bo Zhao , Wan-Li Zhang , Dong Wang , Xiao-Tian Song , Liang-Jiang Zhou , Chi-Biao Ding

The best qubit one-way quantum key distribution (QKD) protocol can tolerate up to 14.1% in the error rate. It has been shown how this rate can be increased by using larger quantum systems. The polarization state of a biphoton can encode a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 I. Bregman , D. Aharonov , M. Ben-Or , H. S. Eisenberg

We propose an unconditionally secure quantum key distribution (QKD) protocol, which uses a relatively strong signal pulse. While our protocol shares similar security bases as the Bennett 1992 protocol with a strong reference pulse (B92),…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 Kiyoshi Tamaki

Quantum key distribution (QKD) based on coherent states is well known for its implementation simplicity, but it suffers from loss-dependent attacks based on optimal unambiguous state discrimination. Crucially, previous research has…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-06-05 Li Liu , Yukun Wang , Emilien Lavie , Arno Ricou , Chao Wang , Fen Zhuo Guo , Charles Ci Wen Lim

I prove the security of quantum key distribution against individual attacks for realistic signals sources, including weak coherent pulses and downconversion sources. The proof applies to the BB84 protocol with the standard detection scheme…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-10-31 Norbert Lütkenhaus

We present a simple protocol where Alice and Bob only needs sending out a coherent state or not-sending out a coherent state to Charlie. There is no bases switching. We show that this protocol is both encoding-state-side-channel free to the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-07-03 Xiang-Bin Wang , Xiao-Long Hu , Zong-Wen Yu

Previous research has aimed to precisely estimate information leakage to improve the secure key rate (SKR) and maximum transmission distance in quantum key distribution (QKD). However, existing methods repeatedly considerd the information…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-01-14 Hao-Kun Mao , Bo Yang , Yu-Cheng Qiao , Bing-Ze Yan , Qiang Zhao , Bing-Jie Xu , Qiong Li

It has been widely claimed and believed that many protocols in quantum key distribution, especially the single-photon BB84 protocol, have been proved unconditionally secure at least in principle, for both asymptotic and finite protocols…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-07-03 Horace P. Yuen

We present and demonstrate a new protocol for practical quantum cryptography, tailored for an implementation with weak coherent pulses to obtain a high key generation rate. The key is obtained by a simple time-of-arrival measurement on the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-11 Damien Stucki , Nicolas Brunner , Nicolas Gisin , Valerio Scarani , Hugo Zbinden

Quantum key distribution (QKD) has the potential to improve communications security by offering cryptographic keys whose security relies on the fundamental properties of quantum physics. The use of a trusted quantum receiver on an orbiting…

Differential-phase-shift (DPS) quantum key distribution (QKD) is one of the major QKD protocols that can be implemented with a simple setup using a laser source and a passive detection unit. Recently, an information-theoretic security proof…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-06-01 Akihiro Mizutani , Yuki Takeuchi , Kiyoshi Tamaki

Decoy-state quantum key distribution (QKD) is a standard technique in current quantum cryptographic implementations. Unfortunately, existing experiments have two important drawbacks: the state preparation is assumed to be perfect without…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-09-09 Feihu Xu , Kejin Wei , Shihan Sajeed , Sarah Kaiser , Shihai Sun , Zhiyuan Tang , Li Qian , Vadim Makarov , Hoi-Kwong Lo

Satellite based quantum key distribution (QKD) aims to establish secure key exchange over long distances despite significant technological challenges. To alleviate some of these challenges, Ghalaii et al. [PRX Quantum 4, 040320 (2023)]…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-24 Lewis Wooltorton , Twesh Upadhyaya , Mohsen Razavi

Passive implementations of quantum key distribution (QKD) sources are highly desirable as they eliminate side-channels that active modulators might introduce. Up till now, passive decoy-state and passive encoding BB84 schemes have both been…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-06-14 Wenyuan Wang , Rong Wang , Victor Zapatero , Li Qian , Bing Qi , Marcos Curty , Hoi-Kwong Lo

The secure distribution of the secret random bit sequences known as "key" material, is an essential precursor to their use for the encryption and decryption of confidential communications. Quantum cryptography is a new technique for secure…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-26 Richard J. Hughes , George L. Morgan , C. Glen Peterson

In practical decoy-state quantum key distribution, the raw key length is finite. Thus, deviation of the estimated single photon yield and single photon error rate from their respective true values due to finite sample size can seriously…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-04-22 H. F. Chau , K. C. Joseph Ng

Quantum key distribution (QKD) allows two users to exchange a provably secure key for cryptographic applications. In prepare-and-measure QKD protocols, the states must be indistinguishable to prevent information leakage to an eavesdropper…

Quantum key distribution (QKD) promises information-theoretically secure communication, and is already on the verge of commercialization. Thus far, different QKD protocols have been proposed theoretically and implemented experimentally [1,…

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