Related papers: Solubility of Fermat equations

We develop an analytic approach that draws on tools from Fourier analysis and ergodic theory to study Ramsey-type problems involving sums and products in the integers. Suppose $Q$ denotes a polynomial with integer coefficients. We establish…

\noindent Using the techniques connected with the measure of noncompactness we investigate the neutral difference equation of the following form \begin{equation*} \Delta \left(r_{n}\left(\Delta \left(x_{n}+p_{n}x_{n-k}\right) \right)…

We consider the Goursat problem for linear partial differential equations with constant coefficients in two complex variables. We find the conditions for summable solutions of the Goursat problem in the case when the Newton polygon has…

One dimensional Dirac equation is analysed with regard to the existence of exact (or closed-form) solutions for polynomial potentials. The notion of Liouvillian functions is used to define solvability, and it is shown that except for the…

We study the monotonicity and one-dimensional symmetry of positive solutions to the problem $-\Delta_p u = f(u)$ in $\mathbb{R}^N_+$ under zero Dirichlet boundary condition, where $p>1$ and $f:(0,+\infty)\to\mathbb{R}$ is a locally…

We prove the existence of a solution of (--$\Delta$) s u + f (u) = 0 in a smooth bounded domain $\Omega$ with a prescribed boundary value $\mu$ in the class of positive Radon measures for a large class of continuous functions f satisfying a…

For a set of integers $A$, we consider $R(A)=\{a/b: a, b\in A, b\neq 0\}$. It is an open problem to study the denseness of $R(A)$ in the $p$-adic numbers when $A$ is the set of nonzero values attained by an integral form. This problem has…

The number $\nu_d(n)$ of linearly independed homogeneous invariants of degree $n$ for the ternary form of degree $d$ is calculated.

We focus on the classification of positive solutions to $(-\Delta)^s u=\frac{x_n^{\alpha}}{u^\gamma}$ in the half space with $\gamma>0$, subject to the Dirichlet condition. We show that when $-2s<\alpha<(\gamma-1)s$, all positive solutions…

Let $s \geq 3$ be a fixed positive integer and $a_1,\dots,a_s \in \mathbb{Z}$ be arbitrary. We show that, on average over $k$, the density of numbers represented by the degree $k$ diagonal form \[ a_1 x_1^k + \cdots + a_s x_s^k \] decays…

Let $f$ be a polynomial of degree $d>6$, with integer coefficients. Then the paucity of non-trivial positive integer solutions to the equation $f(a)+f(b)=f(c)+f(d)$ is established. The corresponding situation for equal sums of three like…

We give necessary and sufficient conditions on a squarefree integer $d$ for there to be non-trivial solutions to $x^{3} + y^{3} = z^{3}$ in $\Q(\sqrt{d})$, conditional on the Birch and Swinnerton-Dyer conjecture. These conditions are…

The existence of entire solutions to quadratic trinomial Fermat type differential-difference equations and \(q\)-difference differential equations involving second-order derivatives is studied by using Nevanlinna theory, and the exact form…

A classification of discrete integrable systems on quad-graphs, i.e. on surface cell decompositions with quadrilateral faces, is given. The notion of integrability laid in the basis of the classification is the three-dimensional…

Let $f(t_1,\ldots,t_n)$ be a nondegenerate integral quadratic form. We analyze the asymptotic behavior of the function $D_f(X)$, the number of integers of absolute value up to $X$ represented by $f$. When $f$ is isotropic or $n$ is at least…

We establish that the elliptic equation $\Delta u+f(x,u)+g(| x|)x\cdot \nabla u=0$, where $x\in\mathbb{R}^{n}$, $n\geq3$, and $| x|>R>0$, has a positive solution which decays to 0 as $| x|\to +\infty$ under mild restrictions on the…

We are concerned with the long time behaviour of solutions to the fractional porous medium equation with a variable spatial density. We prove that if the density decays slowly at infinity, then the solution approaches the Barenblatt-type…

The purpose of this article is to develop an algebraic approach to the problem of integrable classification of differential-difference equations with one continuous and two discrete variables. As a classification criterion, we put forward…

In this paper, we examine the properties of the solutions obtained by the Schwinger-Dyson equation (SDE). As a simple example, we consider a two-dimensional model including four-fermion interaction. It is shown that when this model is…

We discuss the occurrence of positive solutions which decay to 0 as $| x|\to+\infty$ to the differential equation $\Delta u+f(x,u)+g(| x|)x\cdot\nabla u=0$, $| x|>R>0$, $x\in\mathbb{R}^{n}$, where $n\geq 3$, $g$ is nonnegative valued and…