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Related papers: Probability theory and its models

200 papers

By discussing several examples, the theory of generalized functional models is shown to be very natural for modeling some situations of reasoning under uncertainty. A generalized functional model is a pair (f, P) where f is a function…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2013-02-08 Paul-Andre Monney

Probabilistic graphical modeling is a branch of machine learning that uses probability distributions to describe the world, make predictions, and support decision-making under uncertainty. Underlying this modeling framework is an elegant…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-24 Jacqueline Maasch , Willie Neiswanger , Stefano Ermon , Volodymyr Kuleshov

Theoretical physics is the search for simple and universal mathematical descriptions of the natural world. In contrast, much of modern biology is an exploration of the complexity and diversity of life. For many, this contrast is prima facie…

Biological Physics · Physics 2024-01-23 William Bialek

The concept of typicality refers to properties holding for the "overwhelming majority" of cases and is a fundamental idea of the qualitative approach to dynamical problems. We argue that measure-theoretical typicality would be the adequate…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Sergio B. Volchan

The idea of writing a table of probabilistic data for a quantum or classical system, and of decomposing this table in a compact way, leads to a shortcut for Hardy's formalism, and gives new perspectives on foundational issues.

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 P. G. L. Mana

This article is geared towards theorists interested in estimating parameters of their theoretical models, and computing their own limits using available experimental data and elementary Mathematica code. The examples given can be useful…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2011-10-25 Georgios Choudalakis

Probability theory as a physical theory is, in a sense, the most general physics theory available, more encompassing than relativity theory and quantum mechanics, which comply with probability theory. Taking this simple fact seriously, I…

Popular Physics · Physics 2019-10-02 Louis Vervoort

I am presenting a first-ever scientific collection of short sayings on probability and statistics expressed by most various men of science, many classics included, from antiquity to Kepler to our time. Quite understandably, the reader will…

History and Overview · Mathematics 2021-07-07 Oscar Sheynin

This paper is an attempt to bring together two approaches to language analysis. The possible use of probabilistic information in principle-based grammars and parsers is considered, including discussion on some theoretical and computational…

cmp-lg · Computer Science 2008-02-03 Andrew Fordham , Matthew Crocker

We discuss a formal system of mathematics. We use it to construct the natural numbers.

Logic · Mathematics 2020-04-10 Christoph Thiele

By probabilistic logic I mean a normative theory of belief that explains how a body of evidence affects one's degree of belief in a possible hypothesis. A new axiomatization of such a theory is presented which avoids a finite additivity…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2013-04-10 Romas Aleliunas

The theory of probability and the quantum theory, the one mathematical and the other physical, are related in that each admits a number of very different interpretations. It has been proposed that the conceptual problems of the quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-08-29 Louis Marchildon

Expectation is a central notion in probability theory. The notion of expectation also makes sense for other notions of uncertainty. We introduce a propositional logic for reasoning about expectation, where the semantics depends on the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Joseph Y. Halpern , Riccardo Pucella

A substantial school in the philosophy of science identifies Bayesian inference with inductive inference and even rationality as such, and seems to be strengthened by the rise and practical success of Bayesian statistics. We argue that the…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2013-02-21 Andrew Gelman , Cosma Rohilla Shalizi

Classical statistics and Bayesian statistics refer to the frequentist and subjective theories of probability respectively. Von Mises and De Finetti, who authored those conceptualizations, provide interpretations of the probability that…

Probability · Mathematics 2013-01-24 Paolo Rocchi , Leonida Gianfagna

Approaching limitations of digital computing technologies have spurred research in neuromorphic and other unconventional approaches to computing. Here we argue that if we want to systematically engineer computing systems that are based on…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2023-08-21 Herbert Jaeger , Beatriz Noheda , Wilfred G. van der Wiel

This paper addresses fundamental issues on the nature of the concepts and structures of fuzzy logic, focusing, in particular, on the conceptual and functional differences that exist between probabilistic and possibilistic approaches. A…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2013-04-05 Enrique H. Ruspini

This paper addresses the question as to whether the methodology followed in building and assessing string theory can be considered scientific in the same sense, say, that the methodology followed in building and assessing the Standard Model…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2018-02-13 Elena Castellani

We discuss why Type Theory is preferable as foundation of Mathematics compared to set theory.

Logic · Mathematics 2023-01-10 Thorsten Altenkirch

Statistical science (as opposed to mathematical statistics) involves far more than probability theory, for it requires realistic causal models of data generators - even for purely descriptive goals. Statistical decision theory requires more…

Other Statistics · Statistics 2022-06-02 Sander Greenland