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Large language models (LLMs) often struggle with knowledge intensive NLP tasks, such as answering "Who won the latest World Cup?" because the knowledge they learn during training may be insufficient or outdated. Conditioning generation on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Matthew Finlayson , Ilia Kulikov , Daniel M. Bikel , Barlas Oguz , Xilun Chen , Aasish Pappu

Natural Language Generation systems typically have two parts - strategic ('what to say') and tactical ('how to say'). We present our experiments in building an unsupervised corpus-driven template based tactical NLG system. We consider…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-05-25 Nikhilesh Bhatnagar , Radhika Mamidi

Graph-based Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has proven effective in integrating external knowledge into large language models (LLMs), improving their factual accuracy, adaptability, interpretability, and trustworthiness. A number of…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Yingli Zhou , Yaodong Su , Youran Sun , Shu Wang , Taotao Wang , Runyuan He , Yongwei Zhang , Sicong Liang , Xilin Liu , Yuchi Ma , Yixiang Fang

Since large language models (LLMs) have a tendency to generate factually inaccurate output, retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) has gained significant attention as a key means to mitigate this downside of harnessing only LLMs. However,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-18 Youmin Ko , Sungjong Seo , Hyunjoon Kim

We perform the leading one-loop renormalization of the chiral Lagrangian for spinless matter fields living in the fundamental representation of SU(N). The Lagrangian can also be applied to any theory with a spontaneous symmetry breaking of…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2016-12-21 Meng-Lin Du , Feng-Kun Guo , Ulf-G. Meißner

This paper focuses on developing a new paradigm motivated by investigating the consensus problem of networked Lagrangian systems with time-varying delay and switching topologies. We present adaptive controllers with piecewise continuous or…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-12-29 Hanlei Wang , Wei Ren , Chien Chern Cheah

In physics, complex systems are often simplified into minimal, solvable models that retain only the core principles. In machine learning, layerwise linear models (e.g., linear neural networks) act as simplified representations of neural…

In the realm of education, student evaluation holds equal significance to imparting knowledge. To be evaluated, students usually need to go through text-based academic assessment methods. Instructors need to make a diverse set of questions…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Md. Alvee Ehsan , A. S. M Mehedi Hasan , Kefaya Benta Shahnoor , Syeda Sumaiya Tasneem

A natural next step in the evolution of constraint-based grammar formalisms from rewriting formalisms is to abstract fully away from the details of the grammar mechanism---to express syntactic theories purely in terms of the properties of…

cmp-lg · Computer Science 2008-02-03 James Rogers

We extend a smooth dynamical systems averaging technique to a class of hybrid systems with a limit cycle that is particularly relevant to the synthesis of stable legged gaits. After introducing a definition of hybrid averageability…

Robotics · Computer Science 2016-09-21 Avik De , Samuel A. Burden , Daniel E. Koditschek

Understanding the macroscopic behavior of dynamical systems is an important tool to unravel transport mechanisms in complex flows. A decomposition of the state space into coherent sets is a popular way to reveal this essential macroscopic…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2020-04-30 Gary Froyland , Péter Koltai , Martin Stahn

Large language models augmented with task-relevant documents have demonstrated impressive performance on knowledge-intensive tasks. However, regarding how to obtain effective documents, the existing methods are mainly divided into two…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-10 Zhangyin Feng , Xiaocheng Feng , Dezhi Zhao , Maojin Yang , Bing Qin

We argue that in dynamical models of fermion masses, which explain the three mass scales of the generations of fermions with three separate heavy scales above the electroweak symmetry breaking scale, the off diagonal CKM matrix elements…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2009-09-25 Nick Evans

Natural language generation systems (NLG) map non-linguistic representations into strings of words through a number of steps using intermediate representations of various levels of abstraction. Template based systems, by contrast, tend to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Emanuele Pianta , Lucia M. Tovena

Quantum gauge theories with finite-dimensional representation spaces are constructed that can have canonical gauge field theories as singular limits. They describe nature as a recursive quantum assembly by iterating Fermi-Dirac…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2010-07-20 David Ritz Finkelstein

First, the L\sigma M is nonperturbatively solved via loop-order gap equations. Then the Nambu-Goldstone theorem (NGT) is expressed in L\sigma M language. Next, the Lee null tadpole sum for this SU(2) L\sigma M theory is shown to require N_c…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2007-05-23 M. D. Scadron

Lagrangian multiforms provide a variational framework for describing integrable hierarchies. This thesis presents two approaches for systematically constructing Lagrangian one-forms, which cover the case of finite-dimensional integrable…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2026-02-13 Anup Anand Singh

Recent advances in QA pair generation (QAG) have raised interest in applying this technique to the educational field. However, the diversity of QA types remains a challenge despite its contributions to comprehensive learning and assessment…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-13 Sugyeong Eo , Hyeonseok Moon , Jinsung Kim , Yuna Hur , Jeongwook Kim , Songeun Lee , Changwoo Chun , Sungsoo Park , Heuiseok Lim

Recently, several methods have leveraged deep generative modeling to produce example-based explanations of image classifiers. Despite producing visually stunning results, these methods are largely disconnected from classical explainability…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-11 Philipp Vaeth , Alexander M. Fruehwald , Benjamin Paassen , Magda Gregorova

The Dirac-Bergmann algorithm is a recipe for converting a theory with a singular Lagrangian into a constrained Hamiltonian system. Constrained Hamiltonian systems include gauge theories -- general relativity, electromagnetism, Yang Mills,…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-03-10 J. David Brown