Related papers: A 3-Variable Bracket
The theory of the Kauffman bracket, which describes the Jones polynomial as a sum over closed circles formed by the planar resolution of vertices in a knot diagram, can be straightforwardly lifted from sl(2) to sl(N) at arbitrary N -- but…
We introduce new skein invariants of links based on a procedure where we first apply the skein relation only to crossings of distinct components, so as to produce collections of unlinked knots. We then evaluate the resulting knots using a…
In loop quantum gravity, states of quantum geometry are represented by classes of knotted graphs, equivalent under diffeomorphisms. Thus, it is worthwhile to enumerate and distinguish these classes. This paper looks at the case of 4-regular…
We give an exposition of how the Kauffman bracket arises for certain systems of anyons, and do so outside the usual arena of Temperley-Lieb-Jones categories. This is further elucidated through the discussion of the Iwahori-Hecke algebra and…
Khovanov homology offers a nontrivial generalization of Jones polynomial of links in R^3 (and of Kauffman bracket skein module of some 3-manifolds). In this chapter (Chapter X) we define Khovanov homology of links in R^3 and generalize the…
The purpose of this paper is to discuss the categorical structure for a method of defining quantum invariants of knots, links and three-manifolds. These invariants can be defined in terms of right integrals on certain Hopf algebras. We call…
In this paper we investigate the construction of state models for link invariants using representations of the braid group obtained from various gauge choices for a solution of the trigonometric Yang-Baxter equation. Our results show that…
This paper is expository and is accessible to students. We define simple invariants of knots or links (linking number, Arf-Casson invariants and Alexander-Conway polynomials) motivated by interesting results whose statements are accessible…
Given any diagram of a link, we define on the cube of Kauffman's states a "2-complex" whose homology is an invariant of the associated framed links, and such that the graded Euler characteristic reproduces the unnormalized Kauffman bracket.…
Knots have a twisted history in quantum physics. They were abandoned as failed models of atoms. Only much later was the connection between knot invariants and Wilson loops in topological quantum field theory discovered. Here we show that…
Yang-Baxter operators (YBOs) have been employed to construct quantum knot invariants. More recently, cohomology theories for YBOs have been independently developed, drawing inspiration from analogous theories for quandles and other discrete…
We study framed links in irreducible 3-manifolds that are $Z$-homology 3-spheres or atoroidal $Q$-homology 3-spheres. We calculate the dual of the Kauffman skein module over the ring of two variable power series with complex coefficients.…
We enhance the tribracket counting invariant with \textit{tribracket brackets}, skein invariants of tribracket-colored oriented knots and links analogously to biquandle brackets. This infinite family of invariants includes the classical…
This paper introduces a new algebra, the crossing algebra, that is applied to count the number of components for arborescent knots, links, tangles or states (of a state polynomial expansion such as the Kauffman bracket). This algebra is…
Virtual knot theory, introduced by Kauffman, is a generalization of classical knot theory of interest because its finite-type invariant theory is potentially a topological interpretation of Etingof and Kazhdan's theory of quantization of…
Given a compact oriented 3-manifold M in S^3 with boundary, an (M,2n)-tangle T is a 1-manifold with 2n boundary components properly embedded in M. We say that T embeds in a link L in S^3 if T can be completed to L by a 1-manifold with 2n…
The covariant canonical formalism is a covariant extension of the traditional canonical formalism of fields. In contrast to the traditional canonical theory, it has a remarkable feature that canonical equations of gauge theories or gravity…
For a given $(X,S,\beta)$, where $S,\beta\colon X\times X\to X\times X$ are set theoretical solutions of Yang-Baxter equation with a compatibility condition, we define an invariant for virtual (or classical) knots/links using non…
In 1982 Louis Kauffman conjectured that if a knot in the 3-sphere is a slice knot then on any Seifert surface for that knot there exists a homologically essential simple closed curve of self-linking zero which is itself a slice knot, or at…
We extend knot contact homology to a theory over the ring $\mathbb{Z}[\lambda^{\pm 1},\mu^{\pm 1}]$, with the invariant given topologically and combinatorially. The improved invariant, which is defined for framed knots in $S^3$ and can be…