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We provide a detailed derivation of the Karhunen-Lo\`eve expansion of a stochastic process. We also discuss briefly Gaussian processes, and provide a simple numerical study for the purpose of illustration.

Probability · Mathematics 2015-10-28 Alen Alexanderian

This article is a survey of the results on asymptotic behavior of small ball probabilities in $L_2$-norm. Recent progress in this field is mainly based on the methods of spectral theory of differential and integral operators.

Probability · Mathematics 2023-06-26 Alexander Nazarov , Yulia Petrova

We prove comparison theorems for small ball probabilities of the Green Gaussian processes in weighted $L_2$-norms. We find the sharp small ball asymptotics for many classical processes under quite general assumptions on the weight.

Probability · Mathematics 2012-11-13 Alexander I. Nazarov , Ruslan S. Pusev

In this paper, we derive tail approximations of integrals of exponential functions of Gaussian random fields with varying mean functions and approximations of the associated point processes. This study is motivated naturally by multiple…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2011-12-05 Jingchen Liu , Gongjun Xu

We prove a new variant of comparison principle for logarithmic $L_2$-small ball probabilities of Gaussian processes. As an application, we obtain logarithmic small ball asymptotics for some well-known processes with smooth covariances.

Probability · Mathematics 2008-05-14 A. I. Nazarov

We discuss the centering operation for the Green Gaussian processes and calculate $L_2$-small ball asymptotics for some centered (demeaned) processes.

Probability · Mathematics 2023-08-22 Alexander Nazarov , Yulia Petrova

This article provides a representation theorem for a set of Gaussian processes; this theorem allows to build Gaussian processes with arbitrary regularity and to write them as limit of random trigonometric series. We show via Karhunen-Love…

Probability · Mathematics 2012-02-29 Giacomo Aletti , Matteo Ruffini

We find the logarithmic small ball asymptotics for the $L_2$-norm with respect to a degenerate self-similar measures of a certain class of Gaussian processes including Brownian motion, Ornstein - Uhlenbeck process and their integrated…

Spectral Theory · Mathematics 2014-02-26 A. I. Nazarov , I. A. Sheipak

In this article we study the small ball probabilities in $L_2$-norm for a family of finite-dimensional perturbations of Gaussian functions. We define three types of perturbations: non-critical, partially critical and critical; and derive…

Probability · Mathematics 2023-08-23 Yulia Petrova

Axially symmetric processes on spheres, for which the second-order dependency structure may substantially vary with shifts in latitude, are a prominent alternative to model the spatial uncertainty of natural variables located over large…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2020-07-07 Alfredo Alegría , Francisco Cuevas-Pacheco

Asymptotic expansions are derived for the tail distribution of the product of two correlated normal random variables with non-zero means and arbitrary variances, and more generally the sum of independent copies of such random variables.…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-05-27 Robert E. Gaunt , Zixin Ye

We present an orthogonal expansion for real, function-regulated, second-order random measures over $\mathbb{R}^{d}$ with measure covariance. Such a expansion, which can be seen as a Karhunen-Lo\`eve decomposition, consists in a series of…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-06-23 Ricardo Carrizo Vergara

The paper study the discrete sets of translations of the Gaussian function that span the spaces L1(R) and L2(R).

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2008-12-03 Gerard Ascensi

Gaussian random fields are popular models for spatially varying uncertainties, arising for instance in geotechnical engineering, hydrology or image processing. A Gaussian random field is fully characterised by its mean function and…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2019-02-19 Jonas Latz , Marvin Eisenberger , Elisabeth Ullmann

The sharp asymptotics for the L^2-quantization errors of Gaussian measures on a Hilbert space and, in particular, for Gaussian processes is derived. The condition imposed is regular variation of the eigenvalues.

Probability · Mathematics 2016-09-07 Harald Luschgy , Gilles Pages

We study the short-time asymptotical behavior of stochastic flows on \mathbb{R} in the \sup-norm. The results are stated in terms of a Gaussian process associated with the covariation of the flow. In case the Gaussian process has a…

Probability · Mathematics 2010-10-27 Alexander Shamov

While small ball, or lower tail, asymptotic for Gaussian measures generated by solutions of stochastic ordinary differential equations is relatively well understood, a lot less is known in the case of stochastic partial differential…

Probability · Mathematics 2016-03-29 Sergey V. Lototsky

Let $Z$ be an $n$-dimensional Gaussian vector and let $f: \mathbb R^n \to \mathbb R$ be a convex function. We show that: $$\mathbb P \left( f(Z) \leq \mathbb E f(Z) -t\sqrt{ {\rm Var} f(Z)} \right) \leq \exp(-ct^2),$$ for all $t>1$, where…

Probability · Mathematics 2017-06-19 Grigoris Paouris , Petros Valettas

From a continuous-time long memory stochastic process, a discrete-time randomly sampled one is drawn. We investigate the second-order properties of this process and establish some time-and frequency-domain asymptotic results. We mainly…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2021-10-12 Mohamedou Ould Haye , Anne Philippe , Caroline Robet

The Karhunen-Lo\`eve expansion and the Fredholm determinant formula are used to derive an asymptotic Rosenblatt-type distribution of a sequence of integrals of quadratic functions of Gaussian stationary random fields on R^d displaying…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2016-06-09 N. N. Leonenko , M. D. Ruiz-Medina , M. S. Taqqu
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