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It is shown that a simultaneous comparison of both elliptic and triangular flow from (2+1)-dimensional viscous fluid dynamics with recent measurements in Pb+Pb collisions at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) favors a small specific shear…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2012-10-08 Zhi Qiu , Chun Shen , Ulrich W. Heinz

Recent estimates that Color Glass Condensate initial conditions may generate a larger initial eccentricity for noncentral relativistic heavy ion collisions (relative to the initial eccentricity assumed in earlier hydrodynamic calculations)…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2008-11-26 T. Lappi , R. Venugopalan

We use quasiparticle anisotropic hydrodynamics to study an azimuthally-symmetric boost-invariant quark-gluon plasma including the effects of both shear and bulk viscosities. In quasiparticle anisotropic hydrodynamics, a single…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2017-03-15 Mubarak Alqahtani , Mohammad Nopoush , Michael Strickland

The ratio between the shear viscosity and the entropy $\eta/s$ is considered a universal measure of the strength of interactions in quantum systems. This quantity was conjectured to have a universal lower bound $(1/4\pi)\hbar/k_{B}$, which…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2021-07-07 Sang Wook Kim , Geo Jose , Bruno Uchoa

One of the most striking results is the large elliptic flow ($v_2$) at RHIC. Detailed mass and transverse momentum dependence of elliptic flow are well described by ideal hydrodynamic calculations for $p_{\mathrm{T}} < $ 1 GeV/c, and by…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2019-08-13 Hiroshi Masui

We investigate the collision energy dependence of shear viscosity over the entropy density ratio $\eta/s$ in Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=19.6, 39$, and $62.4$ GeV, using Bayesian statistical analysis and Gaussian process emulators to…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2016-10-04 Jussi Auvinen , Jonah E. Bernhard , Steffen A. Bass

The pseudorapidity density (dN/deta) for p+p, p+A and A+A(B) collisions, and the mean multiplicity <Nch> for ee, ep, and p+p collisions, are studied for an inclusive range of beam energies (Root_s). Characteristic scaling patterns are…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2016-01-29 Roy A. Lacey , Peifeng Liu , Niseem Magdy , M. Csanád , B. Schweid , N. N. Ajitanand , J. Alexander , R. Pak

We propose observables $v_0$ and $v_0(p_T)$ which quantify the relative fluctuations in the total transverse momentum at fixed multiplicity. We first study the factorization of the fixed multiplicity momentum dependent two particle…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2020-09-23 Björn Schenke , Chun Shen , Derek Teaney

I review recent developments in the field of relativistic hydrodynamics and its application to the bulk dynamics in heavy-ion collisions at the Relativistic Heavy- Ion Collider (RHIC) and the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). In particular, I…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2015-05-28 Bjoern Schenke

The effects of event-by-event fluctuations in the initial geometry of the colliding nuclei are important in the analysis of final flow observables in relativistic heavy-ion collisions. We use hydrodynamic simulations to study the amplitude…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2016-09-14 Jing Qian , Ulrich Heinz

We present measurements of elliptic flow ($v_{2}$) of $K_{s}^{0}$, $\Lambda$, $\bar{\Lambda}$, $\phi$, $\Xi^{-}$, $\overline{\Xi}^{+}$, and $\Omega^{-}$+$\overline{\Omega}^{+}$ at mid-rapidity ($|\eta| <$ 1.0) in isobar collisions…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2023-11-17 V. Bairathi

We simulate the space-time dynamics of high-energy collisions based on a microscopic kinetic description in the conformal relaxation time approximation, in order to determine the range of applicability of an effective description in…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2023-04-26 Victor E. Ambrus , S. Schlichting , C. Werthmann

Identified particle elliptic flow results are presented for the Au+Au reaction at sqrt[s_{NN}] = 200$ GeV as a function of transverse momentum and pseudorapidity. Data at pseudorapidities eta approximately equal to 0, 1, and 3.4 were…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2007-05-23 S. J. Sanders

The $\mathrm{n^{th}}$-order linear flow coefficients $\mathrm{v^L_n \, (n=2,3,4,5)}$, and the corresponding nonlinear mode-coupled ($\mathrm{mc}$) coefficients $\mathrm{v^{mc}_{4,(2,2)}}$, $\mathrm{v^{mc}_{5,(2,3)}}$,…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2018-09-12 Peifeng Liu , Roy A. Lacey

Elliptic flow measurements are presented and discussed with emphasis on the hydrodynamic character of the hot and dense QCD matter created in heavy ion collisions at RHIC. Predictions from perfect fluid hydrodynamics for the scaling of the…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2008-11-26 Roy A. Lacey , Arkadij Taranenko

In order to understand the detailed dynamics of systems produced in $pp$ collisions, it is essential to know about the Equation of State (EoS) and various thermodynamic properties. In this work, we study the shear viscosity to entropy…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2020-07-28 Dushmanta Sahu , Sushanta Tripathy , Raghunath Sahoo , Archita Rani Dash

The elliptic flow splitting $\Delta v_2$ between $\bar{u}$ and $u$ quarks as well as between $\pi^-$ and $\pi^+$ in midcentral Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=200$ GeV has been studied, based on the framework of an extended multiphase…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2019-05-01 Zhang-Zhu Han , Jun Xu

From a recently found family of analytic, finite and accelerating 1+1-dimensional solutions to perfect fluid relativistic hydrodynamics, we derive simple and powerful formulae to describe the rapidity and pseudorapidity density…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2024-01-26 Gábor Kasza , Tamás Csörgő

The matter created in relativistic heavy ion collisions is fairly well described by ideal hydrodynamics, and somewhat better described by viscous hydrodynamics. To this point, most viscous calculations have been two-dimensional, based on an…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2015-06-04 Joshua Vredevoogd , Scott Pratt

The ratio of shear viscosity ($\eta$) to entropy density ($s$) for an equilibrated system is investigated in intermediate energy heavy ion collisions below 100$A$ MeV within the framework of the Boltzmann-Uehling-Uhlenbeck (BUU) model .…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2011-09-01 S. X. Li , D. Q. Fang , Y. G. Ma , C. L. Zhou