Related papers: Efficiently Simulating Higher-Order Arithmetic by …

Representation theorems for formal systems often take the form of an inductive translation that satisfies certain invariants, which are proved inductively. Theory morphisms and logical relations are common patterns of such inductive…

This paper discusses the formalization of proofs "by diagram chasing", a standard technique for proving properties in abelian categories. We discuss how the essence of diagram chases can be captured by a simple many-sorted first-order…

First-order optimization methods are crucial for solving large-scale data processing problems, particularly those involving convex non-smooth composite objectives. For such problems with convex non-smooth composite objectives, we introduce…

To comprehensively evaluate the mathematical reasoning capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs), researchers have introduced abundant mathematical reasoning datasets. However, most existing datasets primarily focus on linear reasoning,…

We present in this paper a general algorithm for solving first-order formulas in particular theories called "decomposable theories". First of all, using special quantifiers, we give a formal characterization of decomposable theories and…

Logics of limited belief aim at enabling computationally feasible reasoning in highly expressive representation languages. These languages are often dialects of first-order logic with a weaker form of logical entailment that keeps reasoning…

We present a framework for synthesising formulas in first-order logic (FOL) from examples, which unifies and advances state-of-the-art approaches for inference of transition system invariants. To do so, we study and categorise the existing…

The use of formal language for deductive logical reasoning aligns well with language models (LMs), where translating natural language (NL) into first-order logic (FOL) and employing an external solver results in a verifiable and therefore…

Positive logic is a generalisation of full first-order logic that does not have negation built in. Still, many model-theoretic ideas, tools and techniques work perfectly fine in positive logic. Importantly, there is a compactness theorem.…

We show that SCL(FOL) can simulate the derivation of non-redundant clauses by superposition for first-order logic without equality. Superposition-based reasoning is performed with respect to a fixed reduction ordering. The completeness…

Temporal Logic Model Checking is a verification method in which we describe a system, the model, and then we verify whether some properties, expressed in a temporal logic formula, hold in the system. It has many industrial applications. In…

This article describes the *Confluence Framework*, a novel framework for proving and disproving confluence using a divide-and-conquer modular strategy, and its implementation in CONFident. Using this approach, we are able to automatically…

Due to its expressiveness and unambiguous nature, First-Order Logic (FOL) is a powerful formalism for representing concepts expressed in natural language (NL). This is useful, e.g., for specifying and verifying desired system properties.…

This is a survey on propositional proof complexity aimed at introducing the basics of the field with a particular focus on a method known as feasible interpolation. This method is used to construct "hard theorems" for several proof systems…

Inclusion logic is a variant of dependence logic that was shown to have the same expressive power as positive greatest fixed-point logic. Inclusion logic is not axiomatizable in full, but its first-order consequences can be axiomatized. In…

Higher-order constructs enable more expressive and concise code by allowing procedures to be parameterized by other procedures. Assertions allow expressing partial program specifications, which can be verified either at compile time…

First-order logic, and quantifiers in particular, are widely used in deductive verification. Quantifiers are essential for describing systems with unbounded domains, but prove difficult for automated solvers. Significant effort has been…

Many formal languages include binders as well as operators that satisfy equational axioms, such as commutativity. Here we consider the nominal language, a general formal framework which provides support for the representation of binders,…

First-order linear temporal logic (FOLTL) is a flexible and expressive formalism capable of naturally describing complex behaviors and properties. Although the logic is in general highly undecidable, the idea of using it as a specification…

A framework is developed for applying accelerated methods to general hyperbolic programming, including linear, second-order cone, and semidefinite programming as special cases. The approach replaces a hyperbolic program with a convex…