Related papers: Periods and elementary real numbers
Challenging the standard notion of totality in computable functions, one has that, given any sufficiently expressive formal axiomatic system, there are total functions that, although computable and "intuitively" understood as being total,…
We consider representing of natural numbers by arithmetical expressions using ones, addition, multiplication and parentheses. The (integer) complexity of n -- denoted by ||n|| -- is defined as the number of ones in the shortest expressions…
The perennial formalism is applied to the real, massive Klein-Gordon field on a globally-hyperbolic background space-time with compact Cauchy hypersurfaces. The parametrized form of this system is taken over from the accompanying paper. Two…
This note discusses the existence of prime numbers in short intervals. An unconditional elementary argument seems to prove the existence of primes in the short intervals [x, x + y], where y >= x^(1/2)(log x)^e, e > 0, and a sufficiently…
A short and elementary proof of the joint convexity of relative entropy is presented, using nothing beyond linear algebra. The key ingredients are an easily verified integral representation and the strategy used to prove the Cauchy-Schwarz…
We consider arithmetic sequences, here defined as ordered lists of positive integers. Any such a sequence can be cast onto a quantum state, enabling the quantification of its `surprise' through von Neumann entropy. We identify typical…
A system of equations consisting of an infinite string coupled to a nonlinear oscillator is considered. The Cauchy problem for the system with the periodic initial data is studied. The main goal is to prove the convergence of the solutions…
Periodicity is often studied in timeseries modelling with autoregressive methods but is less popular in the kernel literature, particularly for higher dimensional problems such as in textures, crystallography, and quantum mechanics. Large…
In 1970 A. Baker and W. Schmidt introduced regular systems of numbers and vectors, showing that the set of real algebraic numbers forms a regular system on any fixed interval. This fact was used to prove several important results in the…
The Weihrauch degrees are a tool to gauge the computational difficulty of mathematical problems. Often, what makes these problems hard is their discontinuity. We look at discontinuity in its purest form, that is, at otherwise constant…
The period of a strongly connected digraph is the greatest common divisor of the lengths of all its cycles. The period of a digraph is the least common multiple of the periods of its strongly connected components. These notions play an…
We present a characterization of the completeness of the field of real numbers in the form of a \emph{collection of several equivalent statements} borrowed from algebra, real analysis, general topology, and non-standard analysis. We also…
Gaussian periods have been studied for centuries in the realms of number theory, field theory, cryptography, and elsewhere. However, it was only within the last decade or so that they began to be studied from a visual perspective. By…
We prove Cauchy's formula for repeated integration on time scales. The obtained relation gives rise to new notions of fractional integration and differentiation on arbitrary nonempty closed sets.
Some aspects of the development of physics and the mathematics set one think about relation between complex numbers and reality around us. If number to spot as the relation of two quantities, from the fact of existence of complex numbers…
In his monograph, H. Gonshor showed that Conway's real closed field of surreal numbers carries an exponential and logarithmic map. Subsequently, L. van den Dries and P. Ehrlich showed that it is a model of the elementary theory of the field…
We show that completeness at higher levels of the theory of the reals is a robust notion (under changing the signature and bounding the domain of the quantifiers). This mends recognized gaps in the hierarchy, and leads to stronger…
We construct a period regulator for motivic cohomology of an algebraic scheme over a subfield of the complex numbers. For the field of algebraic numbers we formulate a period conjecture for motivic cohomology by saying that this period…
A novel semi-Lagrangian method is introduced to solve numerically the Euler equation for ideal incompressible flow in arbitrary space dimension. It exploits the time-analyticity of fluid particle trajectories and requires, in principle,…
This paper illustrates the richness of the concept of regular sets of time bounds and demonstrates its application to problems of computational complexity. There is a universe of bounds whose regular subsets allow to represent several time…