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Data from the NASA Magnetospheric Multiscale (MMS) mission are used to investigate asymmetric magnetic reconnection at the dayside boundary between the Earth's magnetosphere and the solar wind (the magnetopause). High-resolution…

Dust polarization orientations in molecular clouds often tend to be close to tangential to the Stokes $I$ dust continuum emission contours. The magnetic field and the emission gradient orientations, therefore, show some correlation. A…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-06-03 Patrick M. Koch , Ya-Wen Tang , Paul T. P. Ho

We determine magnetic fields from the photosphere to the upper chromosphere combining data from the Hinode satellite and the CLASP2.1 sounding rocket experiment. CLASP2.1 provided polarization profiles of the Mg~{|sc ii} $h$ and $k$ lines,…

Obtaining observational evidence of the turbulent component of solar dynamo operating in the convective zone is a challenging problem because the dynamo action is hidden below the photosphere. Here we present results of a statistical study…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2021-11-09 Valentina I. Abramenko

Assisted with Magnetospheric Multiscale (MMS) mission capturing unprecedented high-resolution data in the terrestrial magnetotail, we apply a local streamline-topology classification methodology to investigate the categorization of the…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2023-11-28 S. Y. Huang , J. Zhang , Q. Y. Xiong , Z. G. Yuan , K. Jiang , S. B. Xu , Y. Y. Wei , R. T. Lin , L. Yu , Z. Wang

We present 230 GHz continuum polarization observations with the Atacama Large Milimeter/Submillimeter Array (ALMA) at a resolution of 0$\farcs1$ ($\sim 540$~au) in the high-mass star-forming regions W51 e2 and e8. These observations resolve…

We analyze the temporal evolution of the three-dimensional (3D) magnetic structure of the flaring active region (AR) NOAA 10930 by using the nonlinear force-free fields extrapolated from the photospheric vector magnetic fields observed by…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-11 S. Inoue , D. Shiota , T. T. Yamamoto , V. S. Pandey , T. Magara , G. S. Choe

Solar flares and coronal mass ejections (CMEs), especially the larger ones, emanate from active regions (ARs). With the aim to understand the magnetic properties that govern such flares and eruptions, we systematically survey all flare…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2017-01-11 Shin Toriumi , Carolus J. Schrijver , Louise K. Harra , Hugh Hudson , Kaori Nagashima

We study the prediction of solar flare size and time-to-flare using 38 features describing magnetic complexity of the photospheric magnetic field. This work uses support vector regression to formulate a mapping from the 38-dimensional…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-11-09 Laura E. Boucheron , Amani Al-Ghraibah , R. T. James McAteer

Solar flares - bursts of high-energy radiation responsible for severe space-weather effects - are a consequence of the occasional destabilization of magnetic fields rooted in active regions (ARs). The complexity of AR evolution is a barrier…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2019-05-27 Dattaraj B. Dhuri , Shravan M. Hanasoge , Mark C. M. Cheung

Solar flares occur due to the sudden release of energy stored in active-region magnetic fields. To date, the pre-cursors to flaring are still not fully understood, although there is evidence that flaring is related to changes in the…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2012-02-01 Sophie A. Murray , D. Shaun Bloomfield , Peter T. Gallagher

Shearing motion and magnetic flux cancellation around the polarity inversion line (PIL) play significant roles in the build-up of free magnetic energy and magnetic flux rope (MFR) in source region of major solar flares. Here we investigate…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2026-05-12 Yijun Hou , Ting Li , Shuhong Yang , Leping Li , Yingjie Cai , Xiaofeng Liu , Shuo Yang , Yilin Guo , Shihao Rao , Chuan Li , Guiping Zhou

We present Very Large Array observations of twelve late M and L dwarfs in the Solar neighborhood. The observed sources were chosen to cover a wide range of physical characteristics - spectral type, rotation, age, binarity, and X-ray and…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 E. Berger

Using time-distance helioseismology applied to 14-years of SDO/HMI observations spanning solar cycle 24 and rising phase of cycle 25, we present evidence that meridional flows in the lower half of the near-surface shear layer (NSSL),…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2026-04-21 Anisha Sen , S. P. Rajaguru , Ruizhu Chen , Junwei Zhao , Shukur Kholikov

Using fully kinetic 3D simulations, the reconnection dynamics of asymmetric current sheets are examined at the Earth's magnetopause. The plasma parameters are selected to model MMS magnetopause diffusion region crossings with guide fields…

Context. Magnetically arrested disks are among the most suitable candidates for describing the gas accretion and observed emission in the vicinity of supermassive black holes. Aims. This work aims to provide a direct correlation between the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-04-02 Eleni Antonopoulou , Argyrios Loules , Antonios Nathanail

During eruptive flares, vector magnetograms show increasing horizontal magnetic field and downward Lorentz force in the Sun's photosphere around the polarity-inversion line. Such behavior has often been associated with the implosion…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2019-06-05 Krzysztof Barczynski , Guillaume Aulanier , Sophie Masson , Michael S. Wheatland

We have performed microwave diagnostics of the magnetic field strengths in solar flare loops based on the theory of gyrosynchrotron emission. From Nobeyama Radioheliograph observations of three flare events at 17 and 34 GHz, we obtained the…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2020-06-30 Rui Zhu , Baolin Tan , Yingna Su , Hui Tian , Yu Xu , Xingyao Chen , Yongliang Song , Guangyu Tan

The negative effective magnetic pressure instability operates on scales encompassing many turbulent eddies and is here discussed in connection with the formation of active regions near the surface layers of the Sun. This instability is…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2013-09-10 Koen Kemel , Axel Brandenburg , Nathan Kleeorin , Dhrubaditya Mitra , Igor Rogachevskii

Using magnetic field maps acquired by the Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager on board the Solar Dynamics Observatory we measured rotation rates of 864 active and 322 ephemeral regions observed between 2010 and 2016. We found smaller magnetic…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2020-11-25 Alexander S. Kutsenko