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Various theoretical and algorithmic aspects of inverse problems in discrete tomography of planar Penrose model sets are discussed. These are motivated by the demand of materials science for the reconstruction of quasicrystalline structures…
A new approach to analyzing visual images is proposed, based on the idea of converting an optical image into a spatially varying pattern of polarized squeezed light, which is then used to produce a pattern of chiral edge currents in a thin…
The silhouette of a black hole having a critical curve (an unstable bound photon orbit) when illuminated by an optically thin accretion disk whose emission is confined to the equatorial plane shows a distinctive central brightness…
Coherent illumination reflected by a remote target may be secondarily scattered by intermediate objects or materials. Here we show that phase retrieval on remotely observed images of such scattered fields enables imaging of the illuminated…
We show that a recently discussed apparatus for aberration-cancelled interferometry may be modified to perform correlated-photon imaging in the so-called "ghost" imaging configuration. For objects in the vicinity of a particular plane, the…
A novel focusing structure with fractal properties is presented. It is a photon sieve in which the pinholes are appropriately distributed over the zones of a fractal zone plate. The focusing properties of the fractal photon sieve are…
A fundamental problem in computer vision is that of inferring the intrinsic, 3D structure of the world from flat, 2D images of that world. Traditional methods for recovering scene properties such as shape, reflectance, or illumination rely…
Resonant dielectric planar structures can interact selectively with light of particular helicity thus providing an attractive platform for chiral flat optics. The absence of mirror-symmetry planes defines geometric chirality, and it remains…
Shape from Polarization (SfP) estimates surface normals using photos captured at different polarizer rotations. Fundamentally, the SfP model assumes that light is reflected either diffusely or specularly. However, this model is not valid…
From a single picture of a scene, people can typically grasp the spatial layout immediately and even make good guesses at materials properties and where light is coming from to illuminate the scene. For example, we can reliably tell which…
Existing image inpainting methods typically fill holes by borrowing information from surrounding pixels. They often produce unsatisfactory results when the holes overlap with or touch foreground objects due to lack of information about the…
An arrangement of pseudocircles is a finite set of oriented closed Jordan curves each two of which cross each other in exactly two points. To describe the combinatorial structure of arrangements on closed orientable surfaces, in (Linhart,…
Aberration-corrected scanning transmission electron microscopes (STEM) provide sub-angstrom lateral resolution; however, the large convergence angle greatly reduces the depth of field. For microscopes with a small depth of field,…
The scattering of light observed through the turbid underwater channel is often regarded as the leading challenge when designing underwater electro-optical imaging systems. There have been many approaches to address the effects of…
Spectral measurements in the infrared (IR) optical range provide unique fingerprints of materials which are useful for material analysis, environmental sensing, and health diagnostics. Current IR spectroscopy techniques require the use of…
The diffractive nature of light has limited optics and photonics to operate at scales much larger than the wavelength of light. The major challenge in scaling-down integrated photonics is how to mold the light flow below diffraction-limit…
Mirror symmetry is a plausible candidate for a fundamental symmetry of particle interactions which can be exactly conserved if a set of mirror particles exist. The properties of the mirror particles seem to provide an excellent candidate to…
Ptychography provides highly efficient imaging in scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM), but questions have remained over its applicability to strongly scattering samples such as those most commonly seen in materialsscience.…
Geometrically decorated two-dimensional (2D) discrete surfaces can be more effective than conventional smooth reflectors in managing wave radiation. Constructive non-specular wave scattering permits the scattering angle to be other than…
A novel polarizer made from two-dimensional photonic bandgap materials was demonstrated theoretically. This polarizer is fundamentally different from the conventinal ones. It can function in a wide frequency range with high performance and…