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We derive the class of covariant measurements which are optimal according to the maximum likelihood criterion. The optimization problem is fully resolved in the case of pure input states, under the physically meaningful hypotheses of…

Quantum universal invariants of a Gaussian state's covariance matrix, which can be derived from intensity correlation moments, have been adopted to characterize the entanglement properties of Gaussian states via the positive partial…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-01 Ze-Shan He , Yukuan Zhao , Hao-Shu Tian , Kai Sun , Xiao-Ye Xu , Chuan-Feng Li , Guang-Can Guo

Electronic structure calculations are routinely carried out within the framework of density-functional theory, often with great success. For electrons in reduced dimensions, however, there is still a need for better approximations to the…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2009-09-22 S. Pittalis , E. Rasanen , E. K. U. Gross

The quantum systems with finite-dimensional Hilbert space have several applications and are intensively explored theoretically and experimentally. The mathematical description of these systems follows the analogy with the usual…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-05-30 Nicolae Cotfas

We show the explicit expression for the covariance matrix of general Gaussian states in terms of the symplectic group matrices. We discuss how the criteria to characterize squeezing and entanglement using the covariance matrix give rise to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-03-31 Angel Garcia-Chung

We use quantum entanglement witnesses derived from Gaussian operators to study the separable criteria of continuous variable states. We transform the validity of a Gaussian witness to a Bosonic Gaussian channel problem. It follows that the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-08-29 Xiao-yu Chen , Maoke Miao , Rui Yin , Jiantao Yuan

Invariant theory is concerned with functions that do not change under the action of a given group. Here we communicate an approach based on tensor networks to represent polynomial local unitary invariants of quantum states. This graphical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-11-13 Jacob Biamonte , Ville Bergholm , Marco Lanzagorta

We develop a circuit theory that enables us to analyze quantum measurements on a two-level system and on a continuous-variable system on an equal footing. As a measurement scheme applicable to both systems, we discuss a swapping state…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Yuji Kurotani , Masahito Ueda

The usual position-momentum commutation relation plays a fundamental role in the mathematical description of continuous-variable quantum systems. In the case of a qudit described by a Hilbert space of a high enough dimension, there exists a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-05 Nicolae Cotfas

We provide a permutation invariant version of the strong law of large numbers for exchangeable sequences of random variables. The proof consists of a combination of the Koml\'{o}s-Berkes theorem, the usual strong law of large numbers for…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-11-21 Stefan Tappe

This paper is concerned with a translation invariant network of identical quantum stochastic systems subjected to external quantum noise. Each node of the network is directly coupled to a finite number of its neighbours. This network is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-11-18 Arash Kh. Sichani , Igor G. Vladimirov , Ian R. Petersen

In this paper, a characterization of maps between quantum states that preserve pure states and strict convex combinations is obtained. Based on this characterization, a structural theorem for maps between multipartite quantum states that…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-05-31 Lihua Yang , Jinchuan Hou

We introduce a generalization of the set of completely positive matrices that we call "pairwise completely positive" (PCP) matrices. These are pairs of matrices that share a joint decomposition so that one of them is necessarily positive…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-05-30 Nathaniel Johnston , Olivia MacLean

We present a novel proof of de Finetti's Theorem characterizing permutation-invariant probability measures of infinite sequences of variables, so-called exchangeable measures. The proof is phrased in the language of Markov categories, which…

Probability · Mathematics 2021-11-08 Tobias Fritz , Tomáš Gonda , Paolo Perrone

We give an introduction to Gaussian states and operations. A discussion of the entanglement properties of bipartite Gaussian states in terms of its covariance matrix follows. It is explained how entanglement can be witnessed using feasible…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Janet Anders

The transformer architecture, known for capturing long-range dependencies and intricate patterns, has extended beyond natural language processing. Recently, it has attracted significant attention in quantum information and condensed matter…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-08-08 Lu Wei , Zhian Jia , Yufeng Wang , Dagomir Kaszlikowski , Haibin Ling

The radiation-pressure interaction between electromagnetic fields and mechanical resonators can be used to efficiently entangle two light fields which couple to a single mechanical mode. We analyze the performance of this process under…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-07-03 Muhammad Asjad , Stefano Zippilli , Paolo Tombesi , David Vitali

We present a framework for deciding whether a quantum state is separable or entangled using covariance matrices of locally measurable observables. This leads to the covariance matrix criterion as a general separability criterion. We…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-12-03 Oleg Gittsovich , Otfried Gühne , Philipp Hyllus , Jens Eisert

This paper addresses the problem of checking invariant properties for a large class of symbolic transition systems, defined by a combination of SMT theories and quantifiers. State variables can be functions from an uninterpreted sort…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2024-03-01 Gianluca Redondi , Alessandro Cimatti , Alberto Griggio , Kenneth McMillan

In this chapter we review the characterization of entanglement in Gaussian states of continuous variable systems. For two-mode Gaussian states, we discuss how their bipartite entanglement can be accurately quantified in terms of the global…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Gerardo Adesso , Fabrizio Illuminati
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