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Traditional approaches to ensure group fairness in algorithmic decision making aim to equalize ``total'' error rates for different subgroups in the population. In contrast, we argue that the fairness approaches should instead focus only on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-05-11 Junaid Ali , Preethi Lahoti , Krishna P. Gummadi

Recently, authors have studied weighted version of Kerridge inaccuracy measure for truncated distributions. In the present communication we introduce the notion of weighted interval inaccuracy measure for two-sided truncated random…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2020-04-08 Chanchal Kundu

Counterfactual explanations shed light on the decisions of black-box models by explaining how an input can be altered to obtain a favourable decision from the model (e.g., when a loan application has been rejected). However, as noted…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-13 Francesco Leofante , Nico Potyka

Over the past decades, various methods for comparing the means of two log-normal have been proposed. Some of them are differing in terms of how the statistic test adjust to accept or to reject the null hypothesis. In this study, a new…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2014-05-20 Kamel Abdollahnezhad , M. Babanezhad , Ali Akbar Jafari

Consider semiparametric estimation where a doubly robust estimating function for a low-dimensional parameter is available, depending on two working models. With high-dimensional data, we develop regularized calibrated estimation as a…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-09-28 Satyajit Ghosh , Zhiqiang Tan

The present paper presents the detail discussion on estimation of population mean in simple random sampling in the presence of non-response. Motivated by Gupta and Shabbir (2008), we have suggested the class of estimators of population mean…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2014-05-15 Manoj Kr. Chaudhary , Anil Prajapati , Rajesh Singh , Florentin Smarandache

The subpopulationtion shift, characterized by a disparity in subpopulation distributibetween theween the training and target datasets, can significantly degrade the performance of machine learning models. Current solutions to subpopulation…

Estimating the ratio of two probability densities from finitely many samples, is a central task in machine learning and statistics. In this work, we show that a large class of kernel methods for density ratio estimation suffers from error…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-04 Lukas Gruber , Markus Holzleitner , Johannes Lehner , Sepp Hochreiter , Werner Zellinger

Most research designing novel predictive models, or employing existing ones, assumes that training and testing data are independent and identically distributed. In practice, the data encountered at serving time often deviate from the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-30 Hanyu Duan , Yi Yang , Ahmed Abbasi , Kar Yan Tam

Under-coverage and nonresponse problems are jointly present in most socio-economic surveys. The purpose of this paper is to propose a completely design-based estimation strategy that accounts for both problems without resorting to models…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2019-05-10 Maria Michela Dickson , Giuseppe Espa , Lorenzo Fattorini

Assessing equity in treatment of a subpopulation often involves assigning numerical "scores" to all individuals in the full population such that similar individuals get similar scores; matching via propensity scores or appropriate…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-10-18 Mark Tygert

Ordinal user-provided ratings across multiple items are frequently encountered in both scientific and commercial applications. Whilst recommender systems are known to do well on these type of data from a predictive point of view, their…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-03-05 Sjoerd Hermes

Some practical results are derived for population inference based on a sample, under the two qualitative conditions of 'ignorability' and exchangeability. These are the 'Histogram Theorem', for predicting the outcome of a non-sampled member…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2015-11-12 Jonathan Rougier

The community of program optimisation and analysis, code performance evaluation, parallelisation and optimising compilation has published since many decades hundreds of research and engineering articles in major conferences and journals.…

Performance · Computer Science 2009-07-06 Sid Touati

As neural networks become more popular, the need for accompanying uncertainty estimates increases. There are currently two main approaches to test the quality of these estimates. Most methods output a density. They can be compared by…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-06-05 Laurens Sluijterman , Eric Cator , Tom Heskes

I present a critical review of techniques for estimating confidence intervals on binomial population proportions inferred from success counts in small-to-intermediate samples. Population proportions arise frequently as quantities of…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-20 Ewan Cameron

Nonprobability (convenience) samples are increasingly sought to reduce the estimation variance for one or more population variables of interest that are estimated using a randomized survey (reference) sample by increasing the effective…

In statistical inference, confidence set procedures are typically evaluated based on their validity and width properties. Even when procedures achieve rate-optimal widths, confidence sets can still be excessively wide in practice due to…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-03-20 Kenta Takatsu

Increasing nonresponse rates and the cost of data collection are two pressing problems encountered in traditional probability surveys. The proliferation of inexpensive data from web surveys stimulates interest in statistical techniques for…

Methodology · Statistics 2019-12-31 Vladislav Beresovsky

For testing the statistical significance of a treatment effect, we usually compare between two parts of a population, one is exposed to the treatment, and the other is not exposed to it. Standard parametric and nonparametric two-sample…

Computation · Statistics 2012-11-02 Bikram Karmakar , Kumaresh Dhara , Kushal Kumar Dey , Analabha Basu , Anil Ghosh