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The lack of evidence for the existence of extraterrestrial life, even the simplest forms of animal life, makes it is difficult to decide whether the search for extraterrestrial intelligence (SETI) is more a high-risk, high-payoff endeavor…

Popular Physics · Physics 2017-04-14 Claudio Grimaldi

Although it might not be self-evident, it is in fact entirely possible to calculate the probability of detecting alien radio signals by understanding what types of extraterrestrial radio emissions can be expected and what properties these…

Popular Physics · Physics 2011-11-10 Marko Horvat

Deliberate and unintentional radio transmissions from Earth propagate into space. These transmissions could be detected by extraterrestrial watchers over interstellar distances. Here, we analyze the harms and benefits of deliberate and…

Popular Physics · Physics 2013-03-19 Jacob Haqq-Misra , Michael Busch , Sanjoy Som , Seth Baum

Almost all SETI searches to date have explicitly targeted stars in the hope of detecting artificial radio or optical transmissions. It is argued that extra-terrestrials (ET) might regard sending physical probes to our own Solar System as a…

Popular Physics · Physics 2021-06-09 John Gertz

Arguments are reviewed in support of the hypothesis that ET would more likely send physical probes to surveil our Solar System and communicate with Earth than to communicate from afar with interstellar radio, infrared or laser beacons.…

Popular Physics · Physics 2023-07-31 John Gertz

A major aspect of the search for extraterrestrial intelligence (SETI) involves searching for electromagnetic transmissions from extraterrestrial sources, often using our own transmissions as a guide. Previous studies have suggested that…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2025-08-22 Pinchen Fan , Jason T. Wright , T. Joseph W. Lazio

This paper attempts to provide an estimation of the prevalence of hostile extraterrestrial civilizations through an extrapolation of the probability that we, as the human civilization, would attack or invade an inhabited exoplanet once we…

Physics and Society · Physics 2022-05-27 Alberto Caballero

The search for extraterrestrial intelligence (SETI) is a scientific endeavor which struggles with unique issues -- a strong indeterminacy in what data to look for and when to do so. This has led to attempts at finding both fundamental…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-07-22 Ian George , Xinan Chen , Lav R. Varshney

Radio Searches for Extra Terrestrial Intelligence aim at detecting artificial transmissions from extra terrestrial communicative civilizations. The lack of prior knowledge concerning these potential transmissions increase the search…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2018-09-19 Gregory Hellbourg

The possibility that extraterrestrial intelligences (ETIs) could be hostile to humanity has been raised as a reason to avoid even trying to contact ETIs. However, there is a distinct shortage of analytical discussion about the risks of an…

Popular Physics · Physics 2013-02-05 Janne M. Korhonen

The search for technosignatures from hypothetical galactic civilizations is going through a new phase of intense activity. For the first time, a significant fraction of the vast search space is expected to be sampled in the foreseeable…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2019-03-26 Claudio Grimaldi , Geoffrey W. Marcy

The transmission rate of communication between radio telescopes on Earth and extraterrestrial intelligence (ETI) is here calculated up to distances of 1000 light years. Both phase-shift-keying (PSK) and frequency-shift keying (FSK)…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2011-09-01 P. A. Fridman

The field of the Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence (SETI) searches for ``technosignatures'' that could provide the first detection of life beyond Earth through the technology that an extraterrestrial intelligence (ETI) may have…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2025-02-06 Sofia Z. Sheikh , Macy J. Huston , Pinchen Fan , Jason T. Wright , Thomas Beatty , Connor Martini , Ravi Kopparapu , Adam Frank

The radio Search for Extra Terrestrial Intelligence (SETI) aims at identifying intelligent and communicative civilizations in the Universe through the detection of engineered transmissions. In the absence of prior knowledge concerning the…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2018-09-12 Gregory Hellbourg , Andrew Xu

For more than 60 years, the predominant SETI search paradigm has entailed the observation of stars in an effort to detect alien electromagnetic signals that deliberately target Earth. However, this strategy is fraught with challenges when…

Popular Physics · Physics 2023-08-02 John Gertz

One of the most interesting questions that astronomy can hope to answer is: are we alone in our Milky Way galaxy? A detection of an electromagnetic (EM) signal generated by an extraterrestrial technological intelligence, or the presence in…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2026-05-01 B. Zuckerman

Extraterrestrial technology may exist in the Solar System without our knowledge. This is because the vastness of space, combined with our limited searches to date, implies that any remote unpiloted exploratory probes of extraterrestrial…

Popular Physics · Physics 2012-01-12 Jacob Haqq-Misra , Ravi Kumar Kopparapu

The Square Kilometre Array (SKA) will operate in frequency ranges often used by military radar and other communications technology. It has been shown that if Extraterrestrial Intelligences (ETIs) communicate using similar technology, then…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-19 D. H. Forgan , R. C. Nichol

The Search for Extra-Terrestrial Intelligence (SETI) has been conducted for over sixty years, yet no technosignatures have been identified. Previous studies have focused on stars in our galaxy, with few searches in the extragalactic…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-04-12 Yuri Uno , Tetsuya Hashimoto , Tomotsugu Goto , Simon C. -C. Ho , Tzu-Yin Hsu , Ross Burns

Searches for radio technosignatures place constraints on the prevalence of extraterrestrial transmitters in our Galaxy and beyond. It is important to account for the complete stellar population captured within a radio telescope's field of…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2025-11-26 Louisa A. Mason , Michael A. Garrett , Andrew P. V. Siemion
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