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This paper analyzes the ergodic hypothesis in the context of Boltzmann's late work in statistical mechanics, where Boltzmann lays the foundations for what is today known as the typicality account. I argue that, based on the concepts of…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2023-07-13 Paula Reichert

Statistical mechanics is founded on the assumption that all accessible configurations of a system are equally likely. This requires dynamics that explore all states over time, known as ergodic dynamics. In isolated quantum systems, however,…

Gibbs states play a central role in quantum statistical mechanics as the standard description of thermal equilibrium. Traditionally, their use is justified either by a heuristic, a posteriori reasoning, or by derivations based on notions of…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2025-12-16 Vjosa Blakaj , Matthias C. Caro , Anouar Kouraich , Daniel Malz , Michael M. Wolf

The use of statistical methods to model gravitational systems is crucial to physics practice, but the extent to which thermodynamics and statistical mechanics genuinely apply to these systems is a contentious issue. This paper provides new…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2025-02-04 Lorenzo Lorenzetti

It is well known that ergodic theory can be used to formally prove a weak form of relaxation to equilibrium for finite, mixing, Hamiltonian systems. In this Letter we extend this proof to any dynamics that preserves a mixing equilibrium…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2018-12-18 Denis J. Evans , Stephen R. Williams , Lamberto Rondoni , Debra J. Searles

We consider the problem of equivalence of Gibbs states and equilibrium states for continuous potentials on full shift spaces $E^{\mathbb{Z}}$. Sinai, Bowen, Ruelle and others established equivalence under various assumptions on the…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2025-03-20 Mirmukhsin Makhmudov , Evgeny Verbitskiy

We consider equations describing a barotropic inviscid flow in a channel with topography effects and beta-plane approximation of Coriolis force, in which a large-scale mean flow interacts with smaller scales. Gibbsian measures associated to…

Probability · Mathematics 2022-05-13 Francesco Grotto , Umberto Pappalettera

Mathematical models in equilibrium statistical mechanics describe physical systems with many particles interacting with an external force and with one another. Gibbs measure is a fundamental concept in this theory. In existing literature…

Probability · Mathematics 2018-06-18 Farida Kachapova , Ilias Kachapov

Within the abstract framework of dynamical system theory we describe a general approach to the Transient (or Evans-Searles) and Steady State (or Gallavotti-Cohen) Fluctuation Theorems of non-equilibrium statistical mechanics. Our main…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2011-06-21 Vojkan Jakšić , Claude-Alain Pillet , Luc Rey-Bellet

It is shown how to resolve the apparent contradiction between the macroscopic approach of phase space and the validity of the uncertainty relations. The main notions of statistical mechanics are re-interpreted in a quantum-mechanical way,…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2010-12-02 John von Neumann

We extend the Nonconventional Ergodic Theorem for generic measures by Furstenberg, to several situations of interest arising from quantum dynamical systems. We deal with the diagonal state canonically associated to the product state (i.e.…

Operator Algebras · Mathematics 2013-06-11 Francesco Fidaleo

We study various ergodic properties of C*-dynamical systems inspired by unique ergodicity. In particular we work in a framework allowing for ergodic properties defined relative to various subspaces, and in terms of weighted means. Our main…

Operator Algebras · Mathematics 2015-03-30 Rocco Duvenhage , Farrukh Mukhamedov

Entropy is one of the key thermodynamic variables reflecting changes in the state of matter. Unlike other thermodynamic variables, it is well-defined also for nonequilibrium steady states through its relation to information. Applying this…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2026-04-15 Haim Diamant , Gil Ariel

As the title says we want to answer the question; how and why does statistical mechanics work? As we know from the most used prescription of Gibbs we calculate the phase space averages of dynamical quantities and we find that these phase…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-03-19 Navinder Singh

A gauge-invariant C*-system is obtained as the fixed point subalgebra of the infinite tensor product of full matrix algebras under the tensor product unitary action of a compact group. In the paper, thermodynamics is studied on such systems…

Operator Algebras · Mathematics 2009-11-10 N. Akiho , F. Hiai , D. Petz

Dynamical systems of the gauge glass are investigated by the method of the gauge transformation.Both stochastic and deterministic dynamics are treated. Several exact relations are derived among dynamical quantities such as equilibrium and…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2009-11-10 Yukiyasu Ozeki

We prove that certain Gibbs measures on subshifts of finite type are nonsingular and ergodic for certain countable equivalence relations, including the orbit relation of the adic transformation (the same as equality after a permutation of…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2016-09-06 Karl Petersen , Klaus Schmidt

We utilize an ergodic theory framework to explore sublinear expectation theory. Specifically, we investigate the pointwise Birkhoff's ergodic theorem for invariant sublinear expectation systems. By further assuming that these sublinear…

Probability · Mathematics 2024-12-03 Wen Huang , Chunlin Liu , Shige Peng , Baoyou Qu

We study the thermodynamic formalism for particular types of sub-additive sequences on a class of subshifts over countable alphabets. The subshifts we consider include factors of irreducible countable Markov shifts under certain conditions.…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2021-08-16 Godofredo Iommi , Camilo Lacalle , Yuki Yayama

Given a dynamical system with a uniformly hyperbolic (`chaotic') attractor, the physically relevant Sinai-Ruelle-Bowen (SRB) measure can be obtained as the limit of the dynamical evolution of the leaf volume along local unstable manifolds.…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2018-10-26 Vaughn Climenhaga , Yakov Pesin , Agnieszka Zelerowicz