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Anisotropic flow can offer significant information of evolution dynamics in heavy-ion collisions. A systematic study of the directed flow $v_1$ and elliptic flow $v_2$ of hard photons and free nucleons is performed for $^{40}$Ca+$^{40}$Ca…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2020-10-13 S. S. Wang , Y. G. Ma , X. G. Cao , D. Q. Fang , C. W. Ma

Methods to classify events experimentally according to collision geometry are well established and non-controversial when collisions of large ions are studied. However, high luminosity data from $p/d$+A collisions at RHIC and LHC provided…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2017-02-03 Gabor David

An overwhelming fraction of photons from relativistic heavy ion collisions has its origin in the decay of $\pi^0$ and $\eta$ mesons. We calculate the azimuthal asymmetry of the decay photons for several azimuthally asymmetric pion…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2009-11-11 Biswanath Layek , Rupa Chatterjee , Dinesh K. Srivastava

Azimuthal asymmetries in exclusive electroproduction of real photons are measured for the first time with respect to transverse target polarisation, providing new constraints on Generalized Parton Distributions. From the same data set on a…

High Energy Physics - Experiment · Physics 2009-03-19 HERMES Collaboration , A. Airapetian

We investigate hadrons and direct photon production in pp and pA collisions at the energies of RHIC and LHC within the color-dipole approach employing various saturation models. We show that greatest sensitivity to saturation effects is…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2010-06-23 Amir H. Rezaeian , Andreas Schaefer

We review direct photons in the phenomenology of nuclear collisions at relativistic energies. Direct photons carry information about the space-time evolution of nuclear collisions because the QCD medium is transparent against colorless…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2022-06-29 Akihiko Monnai

Azimuthal correlations of direct photons at high transverse energy (8 $<$ E$_T$ $<$ 16 GeV) with away-side hadrons of transverse momentum (3 $<$ p$_T$ $<$ 6 GeV/c) have been measured over a broad range of centrality for $Au+Au$ collisions…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2008-11-26 Ahmed M. Hamed

The effect of anomalous right-handed top couplings on the photon polarization in $B\to K_{\rm res}\gamma$ is investigated. It is recently reported that the photon polarization can be measured through the up-down asymmetry of the photon…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2014-11-17 Jong-Phil Lee

Recent results at STAR for direct $\gamma$-charged hadron azimuthal correlations in heavy-ion collisions are presented. These correlations are used to study the color charge density of the medium through the medium-induced modification of…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2008-11-11 A. M. Hamed

We study real photons produced in heavy ion collisions at RHIC, and we calculate their spectrum and its azimuthal momentum anisotropy. The photons from a variety of sources are included, and the interplay and the time-evolution of those…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2015-05-28 Maxime Dion , Charles Gale , Sangyong Jeon , Jean-Francois Paquet , Bjoern Schenke , Clint Young

We review recent theoretical developments and experimental measurements of azimuthal modulations in photon-induced processes, covering both ultra-peripheral heavy-ion collisions (UPCs) and $e^+e^-$ colliders. The azimuthal asymmetries…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-11-11 Ya-jin Zhou

A method is suggested to deduce the anisotropy in neutral pions by measuring the azimuthal anisotropy of photons in ultra-relativistic nuclear collisions. The ratio of the estimated anisotropy in photons to the anisotropy in neutral pions…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2009-10-31 Rashmi Raniwala , Sudhir Raniwala , Yogendra Pathak Viyogi

Preliminary results from the STAR collaboration for the azimuthal elliptic anisotropy $(v_{_{2}})$ of high transverse momentum ($p_{_{T}}$) direct photons ($\gamma_{_{dir}}$) produced at mid-rapidity ($|\eta^{\gamma_{_{dir}}}|<1$) in Au+Au…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2015-06-22 Ahmed M. Hamed

The $p_T$ dependent elliptic and triangular flow parameters of direct photons are known to be dominated by thermal radiations. The non-thermal contributions dilute the photon anisotropic flow by adding extra weight factor in the $v_n$…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2022-01-05 Rupa Chatterjee , Pingal Dasgupta

We consider directly emitted and hadronic decay photons from event-by-event hydrodynamic simulations. We compute the direct photon anisotropic flow coefficients and compare with recent experimental measurements. We find that it is crucial…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2015-06-22 Chun Shen , Jean-Francois Paquet , Jia Liu , Gabriel Denicol , Ulrich Heinz , Charles Gale

Preliminary results from the STAR collaboration of the azimuthal anisotropy $(v_{2})$ of $\pi^{0}$ and direct photon ($\gamma_{dir}$) at high transverse momentum (p$_{T}$) from Au+Au collisions at center-of-mass energy…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2011-02-18 Ahmed M. Hamed

In this work we advocate a set of novel azimuthal-angle-related observables associated with exclusive hadron production from two-photon fusion at $e^+ e^-$ colliders, taking the $\gamma\gamma\to \pi\pi$ as a benchmark process. As a direct…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-08-19 Yu Jia , Jian Zhou , Ya-jin Zhou

Collisions between prolate uranium nuclei are used to study how particle production and azimuthal anisotropies depend on initial geometry in heavy-ion collisions. We report the two- and four-particle cumulants, $v_2\{2\}$ and $v_2\{4\}$,…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2015-12-02 STAR Collaboration , L. Adamczyk , J. K. Adkins , G. Agakishiev , M. M. Aggarwal , Z. Ahammed , I. Alekseev , J. Alford , A. Aparin , D. Arkhipkin , E. C. Aschenauer , G. S. Averichev , V. Bairathi , A. Banerjee , R. Bellwied , A. Bhasin , A. K. Bhati , P. Bhattarai , J. Bielcik , J. Bielcikova , L. C. Bland , I. G. Bordyuzhin , J. Bouchet , A. V. Brandin , I. Bunzarov , J. Butterworth , H. Caines , M. Calderón de la Barca Sánchez , J. M. Campbell , D. Cebra , M. C. Cervantes , I. Chakaberia , P. Chaloupka , Z. Chang , S. Chattopadhyay , J. H. Chen , X. Chen , J. Cheng , M. Cherney , W. Christie , G. Contin , H. J. Crawford , S. Das , L. C. De Silva , R. R. Debbe , T. G. Dedovich , J. Deng , A. A. Derevschikov , B. di Ruzza , L. Didenko , C. Dilks , X. Dong , J. L. Drachenberg , J. E. Draper , C. M. Du , L. E. Dunkelberger , J. C. Dunlop , L. G. Efimov , J. Engelage , G. Eppley , R. Esha , O. Evdokimov , O. Eyser , R. Fatemi , S. Fazio , P. Federic , J. Fedorisin , Z. Feng , P. Filip , Y. Fisyak , C. E. Flores , L. Fulek , C. A. Gagliardi , D. Garand , F. Geurts , A. Gibson , M. Girard , L. Greiner , D. Grosnick , D. S. Gunarathne , Y. Guo , A. Gupta , S. Gupta , W. Guryn , A. Hamad , A. Hamed , R. Haque , J. W. Harris , L. He , S. Heppelmann , S. Heppelmann , A. Hirsch , G. W. Hoffmann , D. J. Hofman , S. Horvat , B. Huang , H. Z. Huang , X. Huang , P. Huck , T. J. Humanic , G. Igo , W. W. Jacobs , H. Jang , K. Jiang , E. G. Judd , S. Kabana , D. Kalinkin , K. Kang , K. Kauder , H. W. Ke , D. Keane , A. Kechechyan , Z. H. Khan , D. P. Kikola , I. Kisel , A. Kisiel , L. Kochenda , D. D. Koetke , T. Kollegger , L. K. Kosarzewski , A. F. Kraishan , P. Kravtsov , K. Krueger , I. Kulakov , L. Kumar , R. A. Kycia , M. A. C. Lamont , J. M. Landgraf , K. D. Landry , J. Lauret , A. Lebedev , R. Lednicky , J. H. Lee , X. Li , Z. M. Li , Y. Li , W. Li , X. Li , C. Li , M. A. Lisa , F. Liu , T. Ljubicic , W. J. Llope , M. Lomnitz , R. S. Longacre , X. Luo , G. L. Ma , R. Ma , Y. G. Ma , L. Ma , N. Magdy , R. Majka , A. Manion , S. Margetis , C. Markert , H. Masui , H. S. Matis , D. McDonald , K. Meehan , N. G. Minaev , S. Mioduszewski , D. Mishra , B. Mohanty , M. M. Mondal , D. A. Morozov , M. K. Mustafa , B. K. Nandi , Md. Nasim , T. K. Nayak , G. Nigmatkulov , L. V. Nogach , S. Y. Noh , J. Novak , S. B. Nurushev , G. Odyniec , A. Ogawa , K. Oh , V. Okorokov , D. Olvitt , B. S. Page , R. Pak , Y. X. Pan , Y. Pandit , Y. Panebratsev , B. Pawlik , H. Pei , C. Perkins , A. Peterson , P. Pile , M. Planinic , J. Pluta , N. Poljak , K. Poniatowska , J. Porter , M. Posik , A. M. Poskanzer , J. Putschke , H. Qiu , A. Quintero , S. Ramachandran , R. Raniwala , S. Raniwala , R. L. Ray , H. G. Ritter , J. B. Roberts , O. V. Rogachevskiy , J. L. Romero , A. Roy , L. Ruan , J. Rusnak , O. Rusnakova , N. R. Sahoo , P. K. Sahu , I. Sakrejda , S. Salur , J. Sandweiss , A. Sarkar , J. Schambach , R. P. Scharenberg , A. M. Schmah , W. B. Schmidke , N. Schmitz , J. Seger , P. Seyboth , N. Shah , E. Shahaliev , P. V. Shanmuganathan , M. Shao , M. K. Sharma , B. Sharma , W. Q. Shen , S. S. Shi , Q. Y. Shou , E. P. Sichtermann , R. Sikora , M. Simko , M. J. Skoby , N. Smirnov , D. Smirnov , L. Song , P. Sorensen , H. M. Spinka , B. Srivastava , T. D. S. Stanislaus , M. Stepanov , R. Stock , M. Strikhanov , B. Stringfellow , M. Sumbera , B. Summa , Z. Sun , X. M. Sun , Y. Sun , X. Sun , B. Surrow , N. Svirida , M. A. Szelezniak , Z. Tang , A. H. Tang , T. Tarnowsky , A. Tawfik , J. H. Thomas , A. R. Timmins , D. Tlusty , M. Tokarev , S. Trentalange , R. E. Tribble , P. Tribedy , S. K. Tripathy , B. A. Trzeciak , O. D. Tsai , T. Ullrich , D. G. Underwood , I. Upsal , G. Van Buren , G. van Nieuwenhuizen , M. Vandenbroucke , R. Varma , A. N. Vasiliev , R. Vertesi , F. Videbæk , Y. P. Viyogi , S. Vokal , S. A. Voloshin , A. Vossen , G. Wang , H. Wang , J. S. Wang , Y. Wang , Y. Wang , F. Wang , J. C. Webb , G. Webb , L. Wen , G. D. Westfall , H. Wieman , S. W. Wissink , R. Witt , Y. F. Wu , Z. G. Xiao , W. Xie , K. Xin , Y. F. Xu , Q. H. Xu , H. Xu , N. Xu , Z. Xu , Y. Yang , C. Yang , S. Yang , Y. Yang , Q. Yang , Z. Ye , P. Yepes , L. Yi , K. Yip , I. -K. Yoo , N. Yu , H. Zbroszczyk , W. Zha , J. B. Zhang , Z. Zhang , J. Zhang , S. Zhang , X. P. Zhang , J. Zhang , Y. Zhang , J. Zhao , C. Zhong , L. Zhou , X. Zhu , Y. Zoulkarneeva , M. Zyzak

Azimuthal anisotropy in heavy-ion collisions is studied by taking into account the ridges generated by semi-hard scattering of intermediate-momentum partons, which can be sensitive to the initial spatial configuration of the medium in…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2009-11-13 Rudolph C. Hwa

Anisotropy in heavy-ion collisions leads to polarization of both direct and virtual photons, the latter detected via internal conversion to dileptons pairs. Thus measurement of photon polarization probes the anisotropy at all stages of…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2018-03-14 Gordon Baym , Tetsuo Hatsuda , Michael Strickland