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The development of microwave photon detectors is paving the way for a wide range of quantum technologies and fundamental discoveries involving single photons. Here, we investigate the photon emission from a microwave cavity and find that…
One of the three testaments in favor of the big bang theory is the prediction of the primordial elemental abundances in the big-bang nucleosynthesis (BBN). The Standard BBN is a parameter-free theory due to the precise knowledge of the…
Photon yields in damp air excited by an electron using a Sr90 $\beta$ source are compared withthose in dry air. Water vapors considerably reduce the yields, however, a further study is needed to evaluate the effects on the energy estimation…
Photon wave function is a controversial concept. Controversies stem from the fact that photon wave functions can not have all the properties of the Schroedinger wave functions of nonrelativistic wave mechanics. Insistence on those…
The effects of matter density fluctuation in long baseline neutrino oscillation experiments are studied. Effects of short wavelength fluctuations are in general irrelevant. Effects of long wavelength fluctuations must be checked on a…
An analysis of the energy exchange by photons is presented based on single-photon Gedanken experiments and the Heisenberg uncertainty principle. Excluding hidden variable properties of a single photon one has to accept that the total photon…
We show that the predicted primordial helium production is significantly reduced when new measurements of the neutron lifetime and the implied enhancement in the weak reaction rates are included in big-bang nucleosynthesis. Therefore, even…
We investigate the evolution of non-extensivity in the photon distribution during the Big Bang Nucleosynthesis (BBN) epoch using Tsallis statistics. Assuming a minimal deviation from the Planck distribution, we construct the perturbed…
The emergence of Hawking radiation from vacuum fluctuations is analyzed in conventional field theories and their energy content is defined through the Aharonov weak value concept. These fluctuations travel in flat space-time and carry…
The absorption of photons by atoms encompasses fundamental quantum mechanical aspects, particularly the emergence of randomness to account for the inherent unpredictability in absorption outcomes. We demonstrate that vacuum fluctuations can…
The paper explores the fundamental physical principles of quantum mechanics (in fact, quantum field theory) which limit the bit rate for long distances. Propagation of photons in optical fibers is modeled using methods of quantum…
Preons are hypothetic constituents of the standard particles. They were initially assumed to have basically similar properties to those of conventional matter. But this is not necessarily the case: the ultimate constituents of matter may…
Recently it is reported that there is the discrepancy between big bang nucleosynthesis theory and observations (BBN crisis). We show that BBN predictions agree with the primordial abundances of light elements, He4, D, He3 and Li7 inferred…
Photon spheres play a pivotal role in the imaging of luminous objects near black holes. In this paper, we examine observational appearances of a star freely falling in hairy black holes, which can possess one or two photon spheres outside…
The precise value of the neutron lifetime is of fundamental importance to particle physics and cosmology. The neutron lifetime recently obtained, 878.5 +/- 0.7stat +/- 0.3sys s, is the most accurate one to date. The new result for the…
We theoretically show that the frequency and momentum of a photon are not necessarily proportional to one another at low frequencies in photonic crystals comprising materials with positive- and negative-valued material properties. We…
A momentum of the photon in a surface plasmon could be hundreds and even thousand times higher as compared to a momentum of a photon in a free space. Such a photon could be scattered on an electron the later being supplied by a notable…
We consider the effects on big bang nucleosynthesis (BBN) of the radiative decay of a long-lived massive particle. If high-energy photons are emitted after the BBN epoch ($t \sim 1 - 10^3$ sec), they may change the abundances of the light…
In this study, we investigate the image of a rotating compact object (CO) illuminated by a geometrically thin, optically thin disk on the equatorial plane. As the radius of the CO's surface fluctuates, the CO may partially or entirely…
We revisit the neutron lifetime puzzle, a discrepancy between beam and bottle measurements of the weak neutron decay. Since both types of measurements are realized at different times after the nuclear production of free neutrons, we argue…