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A theory of matchings for finite subsets of an abelian group, introduced in connection with a conjecture of Wakeford on canonical forms for homogeneous polynomials, has since been extended to the setting of field extensions and to that of…

Some polynomials $P$ with rational coefficients give rise to well defined maps between cyclic groups, $\Z_q\longrightarrow\Z_r$, $x+q\Z\longmapsto P(x)+r\Z$. More generally, there are polynomials in several variables with tuples of rational…

In a previous paper, we studied an overpartition analogue of Gaussian polynomials as the generating function for overpartitions fitting inside an $m \times n$ rectangle. Here, we add one more parameter counting the number of overlined…

Recently, Morier-Genoud and Ovsienko introduced a $q$-deformation of rational numbers. More precisely, for an irreducible fraction $\frac{r}s>0$, they constructed coprime polynomials $\mathcal{R}_{\frac{r}s}(q),~ \mathcal{S}_{\frac{r}s}(q)…

We present two new algorithms for the computation of the q-integer linear decomposition of a multivariate polynomial. Such a decomposition is essential for the treatment of q-hypergeometric symbolic summation via creative telescoping and…

Although there are many simple proofs of Jordan's decomposition theorem in the literature (see [1], the references mentioned there, and [2]), our proof seems to be even more elementary. In fact, all we need is the theorem on the dimensions…

We prove an interesting fact describing the location of the roots of the generating polynomials of the numbers of derangements of length $n$, counted by their number of cycles. We then use this result to prove that if $k$ is the number of…

Pourchet proved in 1971 that every nonnegative univariate polynomial with rational coefficients is a sum of five or fewer squares. Nonetheless, there are no known algorithms for constructing such a decomposition. The sole purpose of the…

Let $p$ be an idempotent ultrafilter over $\mathbb{N}$. For a positive integer $N$, let ${\cal P}_{\leq N}$ denote the additive group of polynomials $P\in\mathbb{Z}[x]$ with ${\rm deg}\, P\leq N$ and $P(0)=0$. Given a unitary operator $U$…

Given a quadratic polynomial with rational coefficients, we investigate the existence of consecutive squares in the orbit of a rational point under the iteration of the polynomial. We display three different constructions of $1$-parameter…

Let $g \in L^2(\mathbb{R})$ be a rational function of degree $M$, i.e. there exist polynomials $P, Q$ such that $g = {{P} \over {Q}}$ and $deg(P) < deg(Q) \leq M$. We prove that for any $\varepsilon>0$ and any $M \in \mathbb{N}$ there…

In this article, we present a binary tree with vertices given by rational functions $p(x)/q(x)$; the root and functional derivation of children are inspired by continued fractions. We prove some special properties of the tree. For example,…

We investigate algebraic and arithmetic properties of a class of sequences of sparse polynomials that have binomial coefficients both as exponents and as coefficients. In addition to divisibility and irreducibility results we also consider…

Inspired by a question of Kra, Moreira, Richter, and Robertson, we prove two new results about infinite polynomial configurations in large subsets of the rational numbers. First, given a finite coloring of $\mathbb{Q}$, we show that there…

We study the problem of decomposing a non-negative polynomial as an exact sum of squares (SOS) in the case where the associated semidefinite program is feasible but not strictly feasible (for example if the polynomial has real zeros).…

In this work, a functional variant of the polynomial analogue of the classical Gandy's fixed point theorem is obtained. Sufficient conditions have been found to ensure that the complexity of the recursive function does not go beyond the…

A condition, in two variants, is given such that if a property P satisfies this condition, then every logic which is at least as strong as first-order logic and can express P fails to have the compactness property. The result is used to…

We give two elementary proofs, at a level understandable by students with only pre-calculus knowledge of Algebra, of the well known fact that an irreducible irrational n-th root of a positive rational number cannot be solution of a…

It is well known that the classical families of orthogonal polynomials are characterized as eigenfunctions of a second order linear differential/difference operator. In this paper we present a study of classical orthogonal polynomials in a…

We use the properties of Hermite and Kamp\'e de F\'eriet polynomials to get closed forms for the repeated derivatives of functions whose argument is a quadratic or higher-order polynomial. The results we obtain are extended to product of…