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The large-scale structure of the Universe should soon be measured at high redshift during the Epoch of Reionization (EoR) through line-intensity mapping. A number of ongoing and planned surveys are using the 21 cm line to trace neutral…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2019-05-01 Angus Beane , Francisco Villaescusa-Navarro , Adam Lidz

Low-frequency observatories are currently being constructed with the goal of detecting redshifted 21cm emission from the epoch of reionization. These observatories will also be able to detect intensity fluctuations in the cumulative 21cm…

Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-13 Stuart Wyithe , Abraham Loeb , Paul Geil

The Largest Cluster Statistics\,(LCS) analysis of the redshifted 21\,cm maps has been demonstrated to be an efficient and robust method for following the time evolution of the largest ionized regions\,(LIRs) during the Epoch of…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-10-28 Samit Kumar Pal , Saswata Dasgupta , Abhirup Datta , Suman Majumdar , Satadru Bag , Prakash Sarkar

We propose a new way to reconstruct the ionized-bubble size distribution during the Epoch of Reionization (EoR) through the real-space cross-correlation of 21-cm and star-forming line-intensity maps. Understanding the evolution and timing…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2026-02-13 Emilie Thélie , Sarah Libanore , Yonatan Sklansky , Julian B. Muñoz , Ely D. Kovetz

In the next decade, radio telescopes like the Square Kilometer Array (SKA) will explore the Universe at high redshift, and particularly during the Epoch of Reionisation (EoR). The first structures emerged during this epoch, and their…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2023-04-26 Emilie Thélie , Dominique Aubert , Nicolas Gillet , Julien Hiegel , Pierre Ocvirk

The Epoch of Reionization (EoR) remains a poorly understood cosmic era for the most part. Yet, efforts are still going on to probe and understand this epoch. We present a review of the latest developments in the techniques (especially…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-08-26 Chandra Shekhar Murmu , Raghunath Ghara , Suman Majumdar , Kanan K. Datta

After reionization, emission in the 21 cm hyperfine transition provides a direct probe of neutral hydrogen distributed in galaxies. Different from galaxy redshift surveys, observation of baryon acoustic oscillations in the cumulative 21 cm…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2012-06-14 Xiao-Chun Mao

Using the latest upper limits on the 21-cm power spectrum at $z\approx9.1$ from the Low Frequency Array (LOFAR), we explore regions of parameter space which are inconsistent with the data. We use 21CMMC, a Monte Carlo Markov Chain sampler…

We present a method for extracting the expected cosmological 21-cm signal from the epoch of reionization, taking into account contaminating radiations and random instrumental noise. The method is based on the maximum a-posteriori…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-12-21 Liron Gleser , Adi Nusser , Andrew J. Benson

As observations of the Epoch of Reionization (EoR) in redshifted 21cm emission begin, we asses the accuracy of the early catalog results from the Precision Array for Probing the Epoch of Reionization (PAPER) and the Murchison Widefield…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-15 Daniel Jacobs , Judd Bowman , James Aguirre

Radio interferometers aiming to measure the power spectrum of the redshifted 21 cm line during the Epoch of Reionisation (EoR) need to achieve an unprecedented dynamic range to separate the weak signal from overwhelming foreground…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2023-07-12 Pascal M. Keller , Bojan Nikolic , Nithyanandan Thyagarajan , Chris L. Carilli , Gianni Bernardi , Ntsikelelo Charles , Landman Bester , Oleg M. Smirnov , Nicholas S. Kern , Joshua S. Dillon , Bryna J. Hazelton , Miguel F. Morales , Daniel C. Jacobs , Aaron R. Parsons , Zara Abdurashidova , Tyrone Adams , James E. Aguirre , Paul Alexander , Zaki S. Ali , Rushelle Baartman , Yanga Balfour , Adam P. Beardsley , Tashalee S. Billings , Judd D. Bowman , Richard F. Bradley , Philip Bull , Jacob Burba , Steven Carey , Carina Cheng , David R. DeBoer , Eloy de Lera Acedo , Matt Dexter , Nico Eksteen , John Ely , Aaron Ewall-Wice , Nicolas Fagnoni , Randall Fritz , Steven R. Furlanetto , Kingsley Gale-Sides , Brian Glendenning , Deepthi Gorthi , Bradley Greig , Jasper Grobbelaar , Ziyaad Halday , Jacqueline N. Hewitt , Jack Hickish , Austin Julius , MacCalvin Kariseb , Joshua Kerrigan , Piyanat Kittiwisit , Saul A. Kohn , Matthew Kolopanis , Adam Lanman , Paul La Plante , Adrian Liu , Anita Loots , Yin-Zhe Ma , David Harold Edward MacMahon , Lourence Malan , Cresshim Malgas , Keith Malgas , Bradley Marero , Zachary E. Martinot , Andrei Mesinger , Mathakane Molewa , Tshegofalang Mosiane , Steven G. Murray , Abraham R. Neben , Hans Nuwegeld , Robert Pascua , Nipanjana Patra , Samantha Pieterse , Jonathan C. Pober , Nima Razavi-Ghods , James Robnett , Kathryn Rosie , Mario G. Santos , Peter Sims , Craig Smith , Hilton Swarts , Pieter Van Wyngaarden , Peter K. G. Williams , Haoxuan Zheng

Radio Frequency Interference (RFI) presents a significant challenge for carrying out precision measurements in radio astronomy. In particular, RFI can be a showstopper when looking for faint cosmological signals such as the red-shifted…

We explore methods for robust estimation of the 21 cm signal from the Epoch of Reionisation (EoR). A Kernel Density Estimator (KDE) is introduced for measuring the spatial temperature fluctuation power spectrum from the EoR. The KDE…

The detection of the Epoch of Reionization (EoR) delay power spectrum using a "foreground avoidance method" highly depends on the instrument chromaticity. The systematic effects induced by the radio-telescope spread the foreground signal in…

The three-point correlation function (3PCF) of the 21cm brightness temperature from the Epoch of Reionization (EoR) probes complementary information to the commonly studied two-point correlation function (2PCF) about the morphology of…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2019-06-19 Kai Hoffmann , Yi Mao , Jiachuan Xu , Houjun Mo , Benjamin D. Wandelt

The advent of a new generation of low frequency interferometers has opened a direct window into the Epoch of Reionisation (EoR). However, key to a detection of the faint 21-cm signal, and reaching the sensitivity limits of these arrays, is…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2018-12-05 Ronniy C. Joseph , Cathryn M. Trott , Randall B. Wayth

The light-cone (LC) anisotropy arises due to cosmic evolution of the cosmic dawn 21-cm signal along the line-of-sight (LoS) axis of the observation volume. The LC effect makes the signal statistically non-ergodic along the LoS axis. The…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2023-04-26 Abinash Kumar Shaw , Raghunath Ghara , Saleem Zaroubi , Rajesh Mondal , Garrelt Mellema , Florent Mertens , Léon V. E. Koopmans , Benoît Semelin

This work presents an analytical approach for studying the cosmological 21cm background signal from the Dark Ages (DA) and subsequent Epoch of Reionization (EoR). We simulate differential observations of a galaxy cluster to demonstrate how…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2020-12-22 Charles Mpho Takalana , Paolo Marchegiani , Geoff Beck , Sergio Colafrancesco

Detecting and characterizing the Epoch of Reionization and Cosmic Dawn via the redshifted 21-cm hyperfine line of neutral hydrogen will revolutionize the study of the formation of the first stars, galaxies, black holes and intergalactic gas…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2018-05-23 F. G. Mertens , A. Ghosh , L. V. E. Koopmans

Observations of redshifted 21-cm radiation from neutral hydrogen during the epoch of reionization (EoR) are considered to constitute the most promising tool to probe that epoch. One of the major goals of the first generation of low…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-30 Kanan K. Datta , Garrelt Mellema , Yi Mao , Ilian T. Iliev , Paul R. Shapiro , Kyungjin Ahn
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