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The traveling salesman problem (TSP) is one of the most challenging NP-hard problems. It has widely applications in various disciplines such as physics, biology, computer science and so forth. The best known approximation algorithm for…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2016-12-13 Wenhong Tian , Chaojie Huang , Xinyang Wang , Qin Xiong

This work presents a tensor-network formulation of the Traveling Salesman Problem (TSP) and several of its variants. The approach represents candidate tours with tensor-network layers, weights them by Boltzmann factors, and enforces…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-18 Alejandro Mata Ali , Iñigo Perez Delgado , Aitor Moreno Fdez. de Leceta

Recent works on cost based relaxations have improved Constraint Programming (CP) models for the Traveling Salesman Problem (TSP). We provide a short survey over solving asymmetric TSP with CP. Then, we suggest new implied propagators based…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2012-06-18 Jean-Guillaume Fages , Xavier Lorca

The traveling salesman problem is a fundamental combinatorial optimization problem with strong exact algorithms. However, as problems scale up, these exact algorithms fail to provide a solution in a reasonable time. To resolve this, current…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-09 Yong Liang Goh , Wee Sun Lee , Xavier Bresson , Thomas Laurent , Nicholas Lim

We introduce a new bounding approach called Continuity* C*, which provides optimality guarantees for the Moving-Target Traveling Salesman Problem (MT-TSP). Our approach relaxes the continuity constraints on the agent's tour by partitioning…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-12-04 Allen George Philip , Zhongqiang Ren , Sivakumar Rathinam , Howie Choset

The Traveling Salesperson Problem (TSP) is one of the best-known combinatorial optimisation problems. However, many real-world problems are composed of several interacting components. The Traveling Thief Problem (TTP) addresses such…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2020-06-08 Jakob Bossek , Aneta Neumann , Frank Neumann

In this paper we propose some novel path planning strategies for a double integrator with bounded velocity and bounded control inputs. First, we study the following version of the Traveling Salesperson Problem (TSP): given a set of points…

Robotics · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Ketan Savla , Francesco Bullo , Emilio Frazzoli

We show that Stochastic Annealing can be successfully applied to gain new results on the Probabilistic Traveling Salesman Problem (PTSP). The probabilistic "traveling salesman" must decide on an a priori order in which to visit n cities…

Computational Physics · Physics 2013-05-29 Neill E. Bowler , Thomas M. Fink , Robin C. Ball

The Traveling Salesman Problem (TSP) is a classic and extensively studied problem with numerous real-world applications in artificial intelligence and operations research. It is well-known that TSP admits a constant approximation ratio on…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Jingyang Zhao , Zimo Sheng , Mingyu Xiao

The Traveling Salesman Problem (TSP) is a classic NP-hard combinatorial optimization task with numerous practical applications. Classic heuristic solvers can attain near-optimal performance for small problem instances, but become…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-13 Michael Li , Eric Bae , Christopher Haberland , Natasha Jaques

In the bipartite travelling salesman problem (BTSP), we are given $n=2k$ cities along with an $n\times n$ distance matrix and a partition of the cities into $k$ red and $k$ blue cities. The task is to find a shortest tour which alternately…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-02-13 Vladimir G. Deineko , Bettina Klinz , Gerhard J. Woeginger

This paper proposes a dual divide-and-optimize algorithm (DualOpt) for solving the large-scale traveling salesman problem (TSP). DualOpt combines two complementary strategies to improve both solution quality and computational efficiency.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-01-16 Shipei Zhou , Yuandong Ding , Chi Zhang , Zhiguang Cao , Yan Jin

We consider the online traveling salesman problem on the real line (OLTSPL) in which a salesman begins at the origin, traveling at no faster than unit speed along the real line, and wants to serve a sequence of requests, arriving online…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-07-10 Pei-Chuan Chen , Erik D. Demaine , Chung-Shou Liao , Hao-Ting Wei

In order to deal with the high development time of exact and approximation algorithms for NP-hard combinatorial optimisation problems and the high running time of exact solvers, deep learning techniques have been used in recent years as an…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-04-20 James Fitzpatrick , Deepak Ajwani , Paula Carroll

In this work we introduce an evolutionary strategy to solve combinatorial optimization tasks, i.e. problems characterized by a discrete search space. In particular, we focus on the Traveling Salesman Problem (TSP), i.e. a famous problem…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2016-08-05 Marco Alberto Javarone

Among the most important variants of the traveling salesman problem (TSP) are those relaxing the constraint that every locus should necessarily get visited, rather taking into account a revenue (prize) for visiting customers. In the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-04-18 Enrico Angelelli , Renata Mansini , Romeo Rizzi

The travelling salesman problem (TSP) of space trajectory design is complicated by its complex structure design space. The graph based tree search and stochastic seeding combinatorial approaches are commonly employed to tackle the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-09-07 Liqiang Hou , Shufan Wu , Zhongcheng Mu , Meilin Liu

Hougardy and Schroeder (WG 2014) proposed a combinatorial technique for pruning the search space in the traveling salesman problem, establishing that, for a given instance, certain edges cannot be present in any optimal tour. We describe an…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2023-07-17 William Cook , Keld Helsgaun , Stefan Hougardy , Rasmus T. Schroeder

While there are optimal TSP solvers, as well as recent learning-based approaches, the generalization of the TSP to the Multiple Traveling Salesmen Problem is much less studied. Here, we design a neural network solution that treats the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-02-18 Yoav Kaempfer , Lior Wolf

This paper presents a novel approach to solving the Flying Sidekick Travelling Salesman Problem (FSTSP) using a state-of-the-art self-adaptive genetic algorithm. The Flying Sidekick Travelling Salesman Problem is a combinatorial…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2023-10-24 Ted Pilcher
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