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In this paper we introduce randomized branching as a tool for parameterized approximation and develop the mathematical machinery for its analysis. Our algorithms improve the best known running times of parameterized approximation algorithms…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Ariel Kulik , Hadas Shachnai

The NP-hard Odd Cycle Transversal problem asks for a minimum vertex set whose removal from an undirected input graph $G$ breaks all odd cycles, and thereby yields a bipartite graph. The problem is well-known to be fixed-parameter tractable…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2024-10-08 Bart M. P. Jansen , Yosuke Mizutani , Blair D. Sullivan , Ruben F. A. Verhaegh

The classical Menger's theorem states that in any undirected (or directed) graph $G$, given a pair of vertices $s$ and $t$, the maximum number of vertex (edge) disjoint paths is equal to the minimum number of vertices (edges) needed to…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2015-09-21 Ashutosh Rai , M. S. Ramanujan , Saket Saurabh

Finding a maximum independent set is a fundamental NP-hard problem that is used in many real-world applications. Given an unweighted graph, this problem asks for a maximum cardinality set of pairwise non-adjacent vertices. Some of the most…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2021-03-30 Demian Hespe , Sebastian Lamm , Christian Schorr

A locating-dominating set $D$ of a graph $G$ is a dominating set of $G$ where each vertex not in $D$ has a unique neighborhood in $D$, and the Locating-Dominating Set problem asks if $G$ contains such a dominating set of bounded size. This…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2023-10-10 Márcia R. Cappelle , Guilherme C. M. Gomes , Vinicius F. dos Santos

Let $G$ be a graph such that each vertex has its list of available colors, and assume that each list is a subset of the common set consisting of $k$ colors. For two given list colorings of $G$, we study the problem of transforming one into…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2017-05-23 Tatsuhiko Hatanaka , Takehiro Ito , Xiao Zhou

Finding maximum-weight independent sets in graphs is an important NP-hard optimization problem. Given a vertex-weighted graph $G$, the task is to find a subset of pairwise non-adjacent vertices of $G$ with maximum weight. Most recently…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-10-16 Jannick Borowitz , Ernestine Großmann , Mattthias Schimek

Enumerating maximal $k$-biplexes (MBPs) of a bipartite graph has been used for applications such as fraud detection. Nevertheless, there usually exists an exponential number of MBPs, which brings up two issues when enumerating MBPs, namely…

Databases · Computer Science 2022-08-30 Kaiqiang Yu , Cheng Long

The aim of the paper is to examine the computational complexity and algorithmics of enumeration, the task to output all solutions of a given problem, from the point of view of parameterized complexity. First we define formally different…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2013-06-11 Nadia Creignou , Arne Meier , Julian-Steffen Müller , Johannes Schmidt , Heribert Vollmer

Packing problems in discrete geometry can be modeled as finding independent sets in infinite graphs where one is interested in independent sets which are as large as possible. For finite graphs one popular way to compute upper bounds for…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-08-26 David de Laat , Frank Vallentin

We study the ratio, in a finite graph, of the sizes of the largest matching in any pair of disjoint matchings with the maximum total number of edges and the largest possible matching. Previously, it was shown that this ratio is between 4/5…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-12-21 Zhengda Mo , Sam Qunell , Anush Tserunyan , Jenna Zomback

Given an edge-weighted graph $G$ on $n$ nodes, the NP-hard Max-Cut problem asks for a node bipartition such that the sum of edge weights joining the different partitions is maximized. We propose a fixed-parameter tractable algorithm…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-07-23 Markus Chimani , Christine Dahn , Martina Juhnke-Kubitzke , Nils M. Kriege , Petra Mutzel , Alexander Nover

Kernelization algorithms for the {\sc cluster editing} problem have been a popular topic in the recent research in parameterized computation. Thus far most kernelization algorithms for this problem are based on the concept of {\it critical…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2015-05-19 Yixin Cao , Jianer Chen

In this paper we deal with the Bin Packing Problem with Conflicts on interval graphs: given an interval graph, a nonnegative integer weight for each vertex, and a nonnegative integer B, find a partition of the vertex set of the graph into k…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-09-15 Tiziano Bacci , Sara Nicoloso

We study the existence of polynomial kernels for the problem of deciding feasibility of integer linear programs (ILPs), and for finding good solutions for covering and packing ILPs. Our main results are as follows: First, we show that the…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2013-02-18 Stefan Kratsch

A set $B$ of vertices in a graph $G$ is called a \emph{$k$-limited packing} if for each vertex $v$ of $G$, its closed neighbourhood has at most $k$ vertices in $B$. The \emph{$k$-limited packing number} of a graph $G$, denoted by $L_k(G)$,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-07-04 Xuqing Bai , Hong Chang , Xueliang Li

Two permutations of the vertices of a graph $G$ are called $G$-different if there exists an index $i$ such that $i$-th entry of the two permutations form an edge in $G$. We bound or determine the maximum size of a family of pairwise…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-03-01 Louis Golowich , Chiheon Kim , Richard Zhou

We give a parameterized algorithm for weighted vertex cover on graphs with maximum degree 3 whose time complexity is $O^*(1.402^t)$, where $t$ is the minimum size of a vertex cover of the input graph.

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2018-11-01 Dekel Tsur

In this paper, we study the Maximum Common Vertex Subgraph problem: Given two input graphs $G_1,G_2$ and a non-negative integer $h$, is there a common subgraph $H$ on at least $h$ vertices such that there is no isolated vertex in $H$. In…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2026-04-29 Palash Dey , Anubhav Dhar , Ashlesha Hota , Sudeshna Kolay , Aritra Mitra

We consider the problem of computing matrix polynomials $p(X)$, where $X$ is a large dense matrix, with as few matrix-matrix multiplications as possible. More precisely, let $\Pi_{2^{m}}^*$ represent the set of polynomials computable with…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-08-14 Elias Jarlebring , Gustaf Lorentzon