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Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) arise from the thermonuclear explosion in binary systems involving carbon-oxygen white dwarfs (WDs). The pathway of WDs acquiring mass may produce circumstellar material (CSM). Observing SNe Ia within a few hours…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-08-15 Maokai Hu , Lifan Wang , Xiaofeng Wang , Lingzhi Wang

We built a simple toy model of a core-collapse supernova (CCSN) ejecta composed of two shells, an outer low-mass spherical shell and an inner elongated massive shell, and show that it can reproduce the evolution of the photospheric radius…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-12-19 Kobi Shiran , Noam Soker

We present photometric and spectroscopic observations and analysis of the type IIb supernova (SN) SN 2019tua, which exhibits multiple bumps in its declining light curves between 40 and 65 days after discovery. SN 2019tua shows a time to…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2024-05-24 Xin-Bo Huang , Xiang-Gao Wang , Long Li , Li-Ping Xin , Jing Wang , Tian-Ci Zheng , Qi Wang , Hui-Ya Liu , Zi-Min Zhou , Xiao-meng Lu , jian-yan Wei , En-Wei Liang

Luminous interacting supernovae are a class of stellar explosions whose progenitors underwent vigorous mass loss in the years prior to core-collapse. While the mechanism by which this material is ejected is still debated, obtaining the full…

SN 2018ivc is an unusual type II supernova (SN II). It is a variant of SNe IIL, which might represent a transitional case between SNe IIP with a massive H-rich envelope, and IIb with only a small amount of the H-rich envelope. However, SN…

SN 2014C was an unprecedented supernova (SN) that displayed a metamorphosis from Type Ib to Type IIn over $\sim$200 days. This transformation is consistent with a helium star having exploded in a cavity surrounded by a dense shell of the…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2020-08-12 Ning-Chen Sun , Justyn R. Maund , Paul A. Crowther

Type IIn supernovae (SNe IIn) are a subclass of core-collapse SNe in which strong interactions occur between the ejecta and dense circumstellar material, creating ideal conditions for the production of high-energy neutrinos. This makes them…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-12-02 Ming-Xuan Lu , Yun-Feng Liang , Xiang-Gao Wang , Hao-Qiang Zhang

We present the data and analysis of SN 2018gjx, an unusual low-luminosity transient with three distinct spectroscopic phases. Phase I shows a hot blue spectrum with signatures of ionised circumstellar material (CSM), Phase II has the…

In this paper, we investigate two hydrogen-poor superluminous supernovae (SLSNe) iPTF15esb and iPTF13dcc whose light curves (LCs) show significant deviation from the smooth rise and fall. The LC of iPTF15esb exhibits two peaks and a…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2018-04-11 Liang-Duan Liu , Ling-Jun Wang , Shan-Qin Wang , Zi-Gao Dai

We analyze the late time evolution of 12 supernovae (SNe) occurring over the last ${\sim}$41 years, including nine Type IIP/L, two IIb, and one Ib/c, using UBVR optical data from the Large Binocular Telescope (LBT) and difference imaging.…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-05-24 M. Rizzo Smith , C. S. Kochanek , J. M. M. Neustadt

We discuss the properties of the hyper-energetic Type Ic supernovae (SNe Ic) 1998bw and 1997ef and Type IIn supernova (SN IIn) 1997cy. SNe Ic 1998bw and 1997ef are characterized by their large luminosity and the very broad spectral…

We present non-LTE time-dependent radiative-transfer simulations of supernova (SN) IIb/Ib/Ic spectra and light curves, based on ~1B-energy piston-driven ejecta, with and without 56Ni, produced from single and binary Wolf-Rayet (W-R) stars…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-27 Luc Dessart , D. John Hillier , Eli Livne , Sung-Chul Yoon , Stan Woosley , Roni Waldman , Norbert Langer

Superluminous supernovae are among the most energetic stellar explosions in the Universe, but their energy sources remain an open question. Here we present long-term observations of one of the closest examples of the hydrogen-poor subclass…

The well-studied Type IIn supernova (SN) 1998S is often dubbed the prototypical SN IIn, and it provides a unique opportunity to study its progenitor star from within as the SN lights up dense circumstellar material (CSM) launched from the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-06-26 Isaac Shivvers , Jose H. Groh , Jon C. Mauerhan , Ori D. Fox , Douglas C. Leonard , Alexei V. Filippenko

We address a phenomenon of a confined circumstellar (CS) dense shell and powerful presupernova emission of SN 2020tlf (type IIP). Modeling the \ha\ line and the circumstellar interaction implies the CS shell radius of $\sim$10$^{15}$ cm and…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2022-05-17 Nikolai Chugai , Victor Utrobin

We present optical spectroscopy together with ultraviolet, optical and near-infrared photometry of SN 2019hcc, which resides in a host galaxy at redshift 0.044, displaying a sub-solar metallicity. The supernova spectrum near peak epoch…

Thermonuclear supernovae (SNe) are the result of the nuclear transformation of carbon/oxygen (C/O) white dwarfs (WDs) to the radioactive element $^{56}\mathrm{Ni}$ and intermediate mass elements (IMEs) like Ca, Ar, etc. Most progenitor…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-07-10 Kathlynn Simotas , Lars Bildsten , Logan J. Prust

Superluminous supernovae (SLSNe) remain an intriguing topic in supernova (SN) transient astronomy. While the majority of SLSNe are shown to be explained by energy streaming from the newly born magnetar, there are others which are powered by…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-05-05 Alexandra Kozyreva , Matteo Bugli , Alexey Mironov , Petr Baklanov

Supernovae (SNe) inject $\sim 10^{51}$ erg in the interstellar medium, thereby shocking and heating the gas. A substantial fraction of this energy is later lost via radiative cooling. We present a post-processing module for the FLASH code…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-05-24 Ekaterina I. Makarenko , Stefanie Walch , Seamus D. Clarke , Daniel Seifried , Thorsten Naab , Pierre C. Nürnberger , Tim-Eric Rathjen

We present high-cadence, comprehensive data on the nearby ($D\simeq33\,\rm{Mpc}$) Type II SN 2017ahn, discovered within $\sim$1 day of explosion, from the very early phases after explosion to the nebular phase. The observables of SN 2017ahn…