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An XMM-Newton study of ultraluminous X-ray sources (ULX) has been performed in a sample of 10 nearby Seyfert galaxies. Eighteen ULX have been found with positional uncertainty of about 4". The large collecting area of XMM-Newton makes the…

Ultraluminous X-ray sources (ULXs) are accreting black holes that may contain the missing population of intermediate mass black holes or reflect super-Eddington accretion physics. Ten years of Chandra and XMM-Newton observations of ULXs,…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-05-30 Hua Feng , Roberto Soria

Ultraluminous X-ray sources are non-nuclear point sources exceeding the Eddington luminosity of a 10 Solar mass black hole. Modern consensus for a majority of the ULX population is that they are powered by stellar-mass black holes or…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2017-12-20 P. Kosec , C. Pinto , A. C. Fabian , D. J. Walton

I give a brief review of how X-rays from nearby galaxies are used as direct tracers of recent star formation. This leads to the conclusion that it is the most luminous point-like sources that are associated with star formation and that the…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2009-08-19 Douglas A. Swartz

Ultraluminous X-ray sources (ULXs) are extragalactic X-ray emitters located off-center of their host galaxy and with a luminosity in excess of a few ${10^{39}\text{ erg s}^{-1}}$, if emitted isotropically. The discovery of periodic…

The physical nature of ultraluminous x-ray sources is uncertain. Stellar mass black holes with beamed radiation and intermediate mass black holes with isotropic radiation are two plausible explanations. We discovered radio emission from an…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 Philip Kaaret , Stephane Corbel , Andrea H. Prestwich , Andreas Zezas

The nature of the ultra-luminous X-ray sources (ULXs) in the nearby galaxies is a matter of debates. One of the popular hypothesis associates them with accretion at a sub-Eddington rate on to intermediate mass black holes. Another…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2013-06-21 Juri Poutanen , Sergei Fabrika , Azamat F. Valeev , Olga Sholukhova , Jochen Greiner

Little is presently known about the nature of ultraluminous X-ray sources (ULX). Different hypotheses have been proposed to explain their properties: intermediate-mass BHs, Kerr BHs, young SNR, or background AGN. Some of the current…

In the last few years multiwavelength observations have boosted our understanding of Ultraluminous X-ray Sources (ULXs). Yet, the most fundamental questions on ULXs still remain to be definitively answered: do they contain stellar or…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-05-18 L. Zampieri , M. Colpi , M. Mapelli , A. Patruno , T. P. Roberts

Ultraluminous X-ray sources (ULXs) are some of the most enigmatic X-ray bright sources known to date. It is generally accepted that they cannot host black holes as large as those associated with active galaxies, but they appear to be…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-05-28 D. J. Walton , T. P. Roberts , S. Mateos , V. Heard

Ultraluminous X-ray sources (ULXs) are point-like sources that exhibit apparent X-ray luminosities exceeding the Eddington limit for stellar-mass compact objects. A widely accepted interpretation is that these systems are X-ray binaries…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-01-21 Lucas M. Pasquevich , Gustavo E. Romero , Matías M. Reynoso

In recent work with high-resolution grating spectrometers (RGS) aboard XMM-Newton Pinto et al. (2016) have discovered that two bright and archetypal ultraluminous X-ray sources (ULXs) have strong relativistic winds in agreement with…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2017-05-03 C. Pinto , W. Alston , R. Soria , M. J. Middleton , D. J. Walton , A. D. Sutton , A. C. Fabian , H. Earnshaw , R. Urquhart , E. Kara , T. P. Roberts

Ultraluminous X-ray sources (ULXs) with 10^39 < L_x < 10^41 erg/s have been discovered in great numbers in external galaxies with ROSAT, Chandra, and XMM-Newton. The central question regarding this important class of sources is whether they…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 David Pooley , Saul Rappaport

Ultraluminous X-ray sources (ULXs) have been described variously as the most luminous normal X-ray binaries, as hypernovae, and as "intermediate-mass" black holes with masses of hundreds to thousands of solar masses. We present results on…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-11 M. I. Krauss , R. E. Kilgard , M. R. Garcia , T. P. Roberts , A. H. Prestwich

Various arguments strongly suggest that the population of ultraluminous X-ray sources (ULXs: apparent X-ray luminosity > Eddington limit for 10 Msun ~10^39 erg/s) in nearby galaxies are mostly stellar-mass X-ray binaries in unusual…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 Andrew R. King , Walter Dehnen

The more than 80 nearby galaxies imaged with the Chandra Advanced CCD Imaging Spectrometer have been analyzed in a search for Ultra-Luminous X-ray (ULX) sources. The sample of galaxies span the range of Hubble morphological types and…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Douglas A. Swartz , Kajal K. Ghosh , Allyn F. Tennant

Although ultra-luminous X-ray sources (ULX) are important for astrophysics due to their extreme apparent super-Eddington luminosities, their nature is still poorly known. Theoretical and observational studies suggest that ULXs could be a…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2021-09-29 Grzegorz Wiktorowicz , Jean-Pierre Lasota , Krzysztof Belczynski , Youjun Lu , Jifeng Liu , Krystian Iłkiewicz

Super-Eddington accretion onto stellar-mass compact objects powers fast outflows in ultra-luminous X-ray sources (ULXs). Such outflows, which can reach mildly relativistic velocities, are often observed forming bubble structures. Wind…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-12-10 Enrico Peretti , Maria Petropoulou , Georgios Vasilopoulos , Stefano Gabici

Ultraluminous X-ray Sources (ULXs) in globular clusters are low mass X-ray binaries that achieve high X-ray luminosities through a currently uncertain accretion mechanism. Using archival Chandra and Hubble Space Telescope observations, we…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2022-11-30 E. Thygesen , Y. Sun , J. Huang , K. C. Dage , S. E. Zepf , A. Kundu , D. Haggard , T. J. Maccarone

We suggest that ultraluminous X-ray sources (ULXs) and some of the variable low latitude EGRET gamma-ray sources may be two different manifestations of the same underlying phenomena: high-mass microquasars with relativistic jets forming a…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Yousaf M. Butt , Gustavo E. Romero , Diego F. Torres