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Related papers: Unitarity and the Hilbert space of quantum gravity

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This paper consists of three steps. In the first, we prove that the Bekenstein-Hawking entropy is the unique expression of black hole entropy. Our proof is constructed in the framework of thermodynamics without any statistical discussion.…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2011-09-06 Hiromi Saida

We explore the consequences of requiring that quantum theories of gravity be unitary, mostly focusing on simple cosmological models to illustrate the main points. We show that unitarity for a clock that encounters a classical singularity at…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-11-30 Steffen Gielen , Lucía Menéndez-Pidal

There ought to exist a reformulation of quantum theory which does not depend on classical time. To achieve such a reformulation, we introduce the concept of an atom of space-time-matter (STM). An STM atom is a classical non-commutative…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-07-17 Shounak De , Tejinder P. Singh , Abhinav Varma

A first-principles approach to the unitarity problem for black holes is systematically explored, based on the postulates of 1) quantum mechanics 2) the ability to approximately locally divide quantum gravitational systems into subsystems 3)…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2019-04-26 Steven B. Giddings

We study the quantization of spherically symmetric vacuum spacetimes within loop quantum gravity. In particular, we give additional details about our previous work in which we showed that one could complete the quantization the model and…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2016-12-20 Rodolfo Gambini , Javier Olmedo , Jorge Pullin

The quantum states or Hilbert spaces for the quantum field theory in de Sitter space-time are studied on ambient space formalism. In this formalism, the quantum states are only depended $(1)$ on the topological character of the de Sitter…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2016-07-27 M. V. Takook

We consider unitary and weakly coupled theories of gravity that extend Einstein gravity and reduce to it asymptotically at large distances. Our discussion is restricted to such theories that, similarly to Einstein gravity, contain black…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2014-11-20 Ram Brustein , A. J. M. Medved

Hawking has shown that if black holes were to exist in a universe that expands forever, black holes would completely evaporate, violating unitarity. I argue this means unitarity requires that the universe exist for only a finite future…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-06 Frank J. Tipler

Spherically symmetric space-times provide many examples for interesting black hole solutions, which classically are all singular. Following a general program, space-like singularities in spherically symmetric quantum geometry, as well as…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2010-11-19 Martin Bojowald

General relativity successfully describes space-times at scales that we can observe and probe today, but it cannot be complete as a consequence of singularity theorems. For a long time there have been indications that quantum gravity will…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-11-26 Martin Bojowald

In a wide range of quantum gravity theories, quasiclassical geometries, which are solutions to the Einstein field equations approximately, are described by "coherent states." Here we propose a Hamiltonian formalism for gravitational…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-12-01 Sijia Wang , Achintya Sajeendran , Dong-han Yeom , Robert B. Mann , Joshua Foo

One quantum characterization of a black hole motivated by (local) holography and thermodynamics is that it maximizes thermodynamic entropy for a given surface area. In the context of quantum gravity, this could be more fundamental than the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2025-01-29 Yuki Yokokura

We show that, in order to preserve the equivalence principle until late times in unitarily evaporating black holes, the thermodynamic entropy of a black hole must be primarily entropy of entanglement across the event horizon. For such black…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-03-07 Samuel L. Braunstein , Stefano Pirandola , Karol Życzkowski

The formation and evaporation of a black hole can be viewed as a scattering process in Quantum Gravity. Semiclassical arguments indicate that the process should be non-unitary, and that all the information of the original quantum state…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2016-09-06 Jorge G. Russo

We consider the quantization of the complete extension of the Schwarzschild space-time using spherically symmetric loop quantum gravity. We find an exact solution corresponding to the semi-classical theory. The singularity is eliminated but…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-11-26 Rodolfo Gambini , Jorge Pullin

The holographic state of matter exists in the quantum gravitational regime, with black holes as the example. In this essay, we provide a microscopic derivation to the holographic thermodynamics and further discuss its implications for…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-04-01 Yong Xiao

Bringing gravity into a quantum-mechanical framework is likely the most profound remaining problem in fundamental physics. The "unitarity crisis" for black hole evolution appears to be a key facet of this problem, whose resolution will…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-02-22 Steven B. Giddings

Quantum gravity is expected to contain descriptions of semiclassical spacetime geometries in quantum superpositions. To date, no framework for modelling such superpositions has been devised. Here, we provide a new phenomenological…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-05-11 Joshua Foo , Robert B. Mann , Magdalena Zych

Coherent states consist of superposition of infinite number of particles and do not have a classical analogue. We study their evolution in a FLRW cosmology and show that only when full quantum corrections are considered, they may survive…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2015-08-26 Houri Ziaeepour

Hawking particles emitted by a black hole are usually found to have thermal spectra, if not exactly, then by a very good approximation. Here, we argue differently. It was discovered that spherical partial waves of in-going and out-going…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2016-12-28 Gerard 't Hooft