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Distance correlation is a measure of dependence between two paired random vectors or matrices of arbitrary, not necessarily equal, dimensions. Unlike Pearson correlation, the population distance correlation coefficient is zero if and only…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-06-19 Kontemeniotis Nikolaos , Vargiakakis Rafail , Tsagris Michail

Testing the independence between random vectors is a fundamental problem in statistics. Distance correlation, a recently popular dependence measure, is universally consistent for testing independence against all distributions with finite…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-08-22 Yuwei Ke , Hok Kan Ling , Yanglei Song

The distance covariance of two random vectors is a measure of their dependence. The empirical distance covariance and correlation can be used as statistical tools for testing whether two random vectors are independent. We propose an analogs…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2017-03-31 Muneya Matsui , Thomas Mikosch , Gennady Samorodnitsky

Distance correlation is a novel class of multivariate dependence measure, taking positive values between 0 and 1, and applicable to random vectors of arbitrary dimensions, not necessarily equal. It offers several advantages over the…

Computation · Statistics 2024-05-06 Blanca E. Monroy-Castillo , M. A , Jácome , Ricardo Cao

In this paper, we propose a novel Euclidean-distance-based coefficient, named differential distance correlation, to measure the strength of dependence between a random variable $ Y \in \mathbb{R} $ and a random vector $ \boldsymbol{X} \in…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-12-16 Yixiao Liu , Pengjian Shang

The concept of distance covariance/correlation was introduced recently to characterize dependence among vectors of random variables. We review some statistical aspects of distance covariance/correlation function and we demonstrate its…

Methodology · Statistics 2018-07-13 Dominic Edelmann , Konstantinos Fokianos , Maria Pitsillou

We propose three measures of mutual dependence between multiple random vectors. All the measures are zero if and only if the random vectors are mutually independent. The first measure generalizes distance covariance from pairwise dependence…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2018-05-18 Ze Jin , David S. Matteson

Distance covariance and distance correlation are scalar coefficients that characterize independence of random vectors in arbitrary dimension. Properties, extensions, and applications of distance correlation have been discussed in the recent…

Methodology · Statistics 2014-07-10 Gabor J. Szekely , Maria L. Rizzo

Distance correlation is a recent extension of Pearson's correlation, that characterises general statistical independence between Euclidean-space-valued random variables, not only linear relations. This review delves into how and when…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2020-09-30 Fernando Castro-Prado , Wenceslao González-Manteiga

Distance covariance is a popular measure of dependence between random variables. It has some robustness properties, but not all. We prove that the influence function of the usual distance covariance is bounded, but that its breakdown value…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-08-26 Sarah Leyder , Jakob Raymaekers , Peter J. Rousseeuw

Given an iid sequence of pairs of stochastic processes on the unit interval we construct a measure of independence for the components of the pairs. We define distance covariance and distance correlation based on approximations of the…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2018-11-30 Herold Dehling , Muneya Matsui , Thomas Mikosch , Gennady Samorodnitsky , Laleh Tafakori

(To appear in The American Statistician.) Distance covariance (Sz\'ekely, Rizzo, and Bakirov, 2007) is a fascinating recent notion, which is popular as a test for dependence of any type between random variables $X$ and $Y$. This approach…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-07-08 Jakob Raymaekers , Peter J. Rousseeuw

We take a different look at the problem of testing the independence of two metric-space-valued random variables using the distance correlation. Instead of testing if the distance correlation vanishes exactly, we are interested in the…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-11-19 Holger Dette , Marius Kroll

Simple correlation coefficients between two variables have been generalized to measure association between two matrices in many ways. Coefficients such as the RV coefficient, the distance covariance (dCov) coefficient and kernel based…

Methodology · Statistics 2014-08-19 Julie Josse , Susan Holmes

Distance covariance is a quantity to measure the dependence of two random vectors. We show that the original concept introduced and developed by Sz\'{e}kely, Rizzo and Bakirov can be embedded into a more general framework based on symmetric…

Probability · Mathematics 2018-10-24 Björn Böttcher , Martin Keller-Ressel , René L. Schilling

Distance multivariance is a multivariate dependence measure, which can detect dependencies between an arbitrary number of random vectors each of which can have a distinct dimension. Here we discuss several new aspects, present a concise…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2020-04-17 Björn Böttcher

Besides the classical distinction of correlation and dependence, many dependence measures bear further pitfalls in their application and interpretation. The aim of this paper is to raise and recall awareness of some of these limitations by…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-04-17 Björn Böttcher

Distance covariance is a measure of dependence between two random variables that take values in two, in general different, metric spaces, see Sz\'ekely, Rizzo and Bakirov (2007) and Lyons (2013). It is known that the distance covariance,…

Probability · Mathematics 2019-10-30 Svante Janson

Many statistical applications require the quantification of joint dependence among more than two random vectors. In this work, we generalize the notion of distance covariance to quantify joint dependence among d >= 2 random vectors. We…

Methodology · Statistics 2018-06-18 Shubhadeep Chakraborty , Xianyang Zhang

Classical dependence measures such as Pearson correlation, Spearman's $\rho$, and Kendall's $\tau$ can detect only monotonic or linear dependence. To overcome these limitations, Szekely et al.(2007) proposed distance covariance as a…

Computation · Statistics 2019-02-07 Arin Chaudhuri , Wenhao Hu
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