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Related papers: Pregalactic LiBeB Production by Supernova Cosmic R…

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The formation of the first stars and galaxies marked the onset of chemical enrichment, yet direct observations of such primordial systems remain elusive. Here we present James Webb Space Telescope spectroscopic observations of LAP1-B, an…

Very high-quality spectra of 24 metal-poor halo dwarfs and subgiants have been acquired with ESO's VLT/UVES for the purpose of determining Li isotopic abundances. The derived 1D, non-LTE 7Li abundances from the LiI 670.8nm line reveal a…

Stellar and supernova nucleosynthesis in the first few billion years of the cosmic history have set the scene for early structure formation in the Universe, while little is known about their nature. Making use of stellar physical parameters…

Recently, the first lithium detection outside of the Milky Way was made in low-metallicity gas of the Small Magellanic Cloud, which was at the level of the expected primordial value. Part of the observed lithium in any environment has…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2016-10-12 A. Ćiprijanović

Oxygen is a much better evolutionary index than iron to describe the history of Lithium-Beryllium-Boron (LiBeB) since it is the main producer of these light elements at least in the early Galaxy. The O-Fe relation is crucial to the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-06 Elisabeth Vangioni-Flam , Michel Casse

We discuss the 6Li abundance evolution within a hierarchical model of Galaxy formation which correctly reproduces the [Fe/H] distribution of metal-poor halo stars. Contrary to previous findings, we find that neither the level…

Astrophysics · Physics 2011-11-10 Carmelo Evoli , Stefania Salvadori , Andrea Ferrara

Observations of low-metallicity halo stars have revealed a puzzling result: the abundance of \li7 in these stars is at least three times lower than their predicted primordial abundance. It is unclear whether the cause of this disagreement…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-06-12 Tijana Prodanovic , Tamara Bogdanovic , Dejan Urosevic

We examine the Big Bang nucleosynthesis (BBN) process in the presence of small-scale baryon inhomogeneities. Primordial abundance yields for D, He4, Li6, Li7, Be9, and B11 are computed for wide ranges of parameters characterizing the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-06 K. Jedamzik , Jan B. Rehm

As part of a large survey of halo and thick disc stars, we found one halo star, HD 106038, exceptionally overabundant in beryllium. In spite of its low metallicity, [Fe/H] = -1.26, the star has log(Be/H) = -10.60, which is similar to the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 R. Smiljanic , L. Pasquini , F. Primas , P. Mazzali , D. Galli , G. Valle

We determine magnesium isotopic abundances of metal poor dwarf stars from the galactic halo, to shed light on the onset of asymptotic giant branch (AGB) star nucleossynthesis in the galactic halo and constrain the timescale of its…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2018-04-18 Marilia Carlos , Amanda I. Karakas , Judith G. Cohen , Chiaki Kobayashi , Jorge Melendez

We consider the production of $^6$Li in spallation reactions by cosmic rays in order to explain the observed abundance in halo metal-poor stars. We show that heating of ambient gas by cosmic rays is an inevitable consequence of this…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 Biman B. Nath , Piero Madau , Joseph Silk

We apply the phenomenological model used to explain the abundances of Fe and r-process elements in very metal-poor stars in the Galaxy to [Fe/H] of damped Ly alpha systems. It is assumed that the first stars formed after the Big Bang were…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-31 G. J. Wasserburg , Y. -Z. Qian

The $^6$Li abundance observed in metal poor halo stars exhibits a plateau similar to that for $^7$Li suggesting a primordial origin. However, the observed abundance of $^6$Li is a factor of $10^3$ larger and that of $^7$Li is a factor of 3…

Learning about the chemical evolution of the universe is crucial to understanding the formation of the first stars and structure formation in the early universe. To find out how elements are produced via nucleosynthesis and how their…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2024-10-14 Xinuo Wang

The observed B/Be ratio in extreme Pop II stars has been interpreted as evidence of Be and B synthesis by early galactic cosmic rays. However, a recent reanalysis of the boron abundance in the Pop II halo star HD140283 suggests that B/H may…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-09-25 B. Fields , K. Olive , D. Schramm

In the standard hot big bang nucleosynthesis (BBN) model the primordial abundances of H, H2, He3, He4, and Li7, fix the baryon density of the universe, $\Omega_b$, via the baryon-to-photon ratio, $\eta$, for a given Hubble parameter. Recent…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-31 S. G. Ryan , T. C. Beers , K. A. Olive , B. D. Fields , J. E. Norris

[abridged] Beryllium is a pure product of cosmic ray spallation. This implies a relatively simple evolution in time of the beryllium abundance and suggests its use as a time-like observable. We study the evolution of Be in the early Galaxy…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-05-13 R. Smiljanic , L. Pasquini , P. Bonifacio , D. Galli , R. G. Gratton , S. Randich , B. Wolff

The early Universe had a chemical composition consisting of hydrogen, helium and traces of lithium1, almost all other elements were created in stars and supernovae. The mass fraction, Z, of elements more massive than helium, is called…

Recent detailed simulations of Galactic Chemical Evolution have shown that the heavy elements, in particular [Fe/H], are expected to exhibit a weak, or absent, correlation with stellar ages in the early Galaxy due to the lack of efficient…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Timothy C. Beers , Takeru K. Suzuki , Yuzuru Yoshii

To constrain the universe before recombination (380000 years after the Big Bang), we mostly rely on the measurements of the primordial abundances that indicate the first insight into the thermal history of the universe. The first production…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-04-30 Tahani Makki , Mounib El Eid , Grant Mathews