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Eye-tracking offers rich insights into student cognition and engagement, but remains underutilized in classroom-facing educational technology due to challenges in data interpretation and accessibility. In this paper, we present the…

Gaze estimation involves predicting where the person is looking at within an image or video. Technically, the gaze information can be inferred from two different magnification levels: face orientation and eye orientation. The inference is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-10-27 Ashesh , Chu-Song Chen , Hsuan-Tien Lin

Event-based cameras are becoming a popular solution for efficient, low-power eye tracking. Due to the sparse and asynchronous nature of event data, they require less processing power and offer latencies in the microsecond range. However,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-10 Andrea Aspesi , Andrea Simpsi , Aaron Tognoli , Simone Mentasti , Luca Merigo , Matteo Matteucci

We present a novel approach for determining learners' second language proficiency which utilizes behavioral traces of eye movements during reading. Our approach provides stand-alone eyetracking based English proficiency scores which reflect…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-04-25 Yevgeni Berzak , Boris Katz , Roger Levy

In recent years we have witnessed an increasing number of interactive systems on handheld mobile devices which utilise gaze as a single or complementary interaction modality. This trend is driven by the enhanced computational power of these…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-07-04 Yaxiong Lei , Shijing He , Mohamed Khamis , Juan Ye

Eye tracking has become increasingly important in virtual and augmented reality applications; however, the current gaze accuracy falls short of meeting the requirements for spatial computing. We designed a gaze collection framework and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Xiaoyin Yang

Approaches for teaching learning agents via human demonstrations have been widely studied and successfully applied to multiple domains. However, the majority of imitation learning work utilizes only behavioral information from the…

This paper launches a new effort at modeling programmer attention by predicting eye movement scanpaths. Programmer attention refers to what information people intake when performing programming tasks. Models of programmer attention refer to…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-08-29 Aakash Bansal , Chia-Yi Su , Zachary Karas , Yifan Zhang , Yu Huang , Toby Jia-Jun Li , Collin McMillan

There are at least two categories of errors in radiology screening that can lead to suboptimal diagnostic decisions and interventions:(i)human fallibility and (ii)complexity of visual search. Computer aided diagnostic (CAD) tools are…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-10-15 Naji Khosravan , Haydar Celik , Baris Turkbey , Elizabeth Jones , Bradford Wood , Ulas Bagci

Accessing visual information is crucial yet challenging for people with low vision due to visual conditions like low visual acuity and limited visual fields. However, unlike blind people, low vision people have and prefer using their…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-08-06 Ru Wang , Ruijia Chen , Anqiao Erica Cai , Zhiyuan Li , Sanbrita Mondal , Yuhang Zhao

Understanding human behavior is a fundamental goal of social sciences, yet its analysis presents significant challenges. Conventional methodologies employed for the study of behavior, characterized by labor-intensive data collection…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-07-19 Dominik Schiller , Tobias Hallmen , Daksitha Withanage Don , Elisabeth André , Tobias Baur

Estimation eye gaze direction is useful in various human-computer interaction tasks. Knowledge of gaze direction can give valuable information regarding users point of attention. Certain patterns of eye movements known as eye accessing cues…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-05-18 Anjith George , Aurobinda Routray

Understanding how individuals focus and perform visual searches during collaborative tasks can help improve user engagement. Eye tracking measures provide informative cues for such understanding. This article presents A-DisETrac, an…

Speech has been a widely used modality in the field of affective computing. Recently however, there has been a growing interest in the use of multi-modal affective computing systems. These multi-modal systems incorporate both verbal and…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2018-05-18 Jonny O'Dwyer , Niall Murray , Ronan Flynn

Mobile eye-tracking systems have been available for about a decade now and are becoming increasingly popular in different fields of application, including marketing, sociology, usability studies and linguistics. While the user-friendliness…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-07-10 Timothy Callemein , Kristof Van Beeck , Geert Brône , Toon Goedemé

Preference learning methods, such as Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF) and Direct Preference Optimization (DPO), rely on pairwise human judgments, yet little is known about the cognitive processes underlying these judgments.…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-03-27 Nikolas Papadopoulos , Shreenithi Navaneethan , Sheng Bai , Ankur Samanta , Paul Sajda

While working on a software specification, designers usually need to evaluate different architectural alternatives to be sure that quality criteria are met. Even when these quality aspects could be expressed in terms of multiple software…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-01-10 Aurora Ramírez , José Raúl Romero , Sebastián Ventura

Eye tracking (ET) can help to understand visual attention and cognitive processes in interactive environments. This study presents a comprehensive eye-tracking analysis framework of the Inhibitory Control Game, named the ReStroop game,…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-09-11 Abdul Rehman , Ilona Heldal , Diana Stilwell , Paula Costa Ferreira , Jerry Chun-Wei Lin

There are many applications where users seek to explore the impact of the settings of several categorical variables with respect to one dependent numerical variable. For example, a computer systems analyst might want to study how the type…

Graphics · Computer Science 2020-03-03 Anjul Tyagi , Zhen Cao , Tyler Estro , Erez Zadok , Klaus Mueller

Eye contact is a crucial non-verbal interaction modality and plays an important role in our everyday social life. While humans are very sensitive to eye contact, the capabilities of machines to capture a person's gaze are still mediocre. We…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-09 Thorsten Hempel , Magnus Jung , Ahmed A. Abdelrahman , Ayoub Al-Hamadi
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