Related papers: A Laboratory Study of the Reduction of Iron Oxides…
With 1.85 billion tons produced per year, steel is the most important material class in terms of volume and environmental impact. While steel is a sustainability enabler, for instance through lightweight design, magnetic devices, and…
Iron- and steelmaking cause ~7% of the global CO2 emissions, due to the use of carbon for the reduction of iron ores. Replacing carbon by hydrogen as the reductant offers a pathway to reduce emissions. However, production of hydrogen using…
In an effort to develop breakthrough technologies that enable drastic reduction in CO2 emissions from steel industry (ULCOS project), the reduction of iron ore by pure hydrogen in a direct reduction shaft furnace was investigated. After…
Fe- and steelmaking is the largest single industrial CO2 emitter, accounting for 6.5% of all CO2 emissions on the planet. This fact challenges the current technologies to achieve carbon-lean steel production and to align with the…
The co-reduction of metal oxide mixtures using hydrogen as a reductant in conjunction with compaction and sintering of the evolving metallic blends offers a promising alternative toward sustainable alloy production through a single,…
Hydrogen-based direct reduction offers a sustainable pathway to decarbonize the metal production industry. However, stable metal oxides, like Cr$_2$O$_3$, are notoriously difficult to reduce, requiring extremely high temperatures (above…
Fossil-free ironmaking is indispensable for reducing massive anthropogenic CO2 emissions in the steel industry. Hydrogen-based direct reduction (HyDR) is among the most attractive solutions for green ironmaking, with high technology…
It is essential to control the dissolution rate of iron oxide particles for a prospective acidic iron electrowinning process. In this study, the combined influence of temperature (40-80{\deg}C) and short-wavelength light exposure on the…
Kinetic understanding of hydrogen co-reduction of multinary and multi-phase oxides is of interest for enhancing sustainability of alloy production and transition to a hydrogen-based economy. Benefits include decrease in energy consumption,…
The reduction of ferromanganese ores into metallic feedstock is an energy-intensive process with substantial carbon emissions, necessitating sustainable alternatives. Hydrogen-based pre-reduction of manganese-rich ores offers a low-emission…
Steelmaking contributes 8% to the total CO2 emissions globally, primarily due to coal-based iron ore reduction. Clean hydrogen-based ironmaking has variable performance because the dominant gas-solid reduction mechanism is set by the…
Gas-solid reactions are cornerstones of many catalytic and redox processes that will underpin the energy and sustainability transition. The specific case of hydrogen-based iron oxide reduction is the foundation to render the global steel…
A reliable process for compressing hydrogen and for removing all contaminants is that of the metal hydride thermal compression. The use of metal hydride technology in hydrogen compression applications though, requires thorough structural…
Co-reduction of multicomponent oxides with hydrogen provides a carbon-neutral approach toward sustainable alloy design. Herein, we investigate the hydrogen-based direct reduction, using in-situ high-energy X-ray diffraction of two precursor…
There is a need for numerical models capable of predicting local accumulation of hydrogen near stress concentrators and crack tips to prevent and mitigate hydrogen assisted fracture in steels. The experimental characterisation of trapping…
The hydrogen-based route could be a valuable way to produce steel considering its low carbon dioxide emissions. In ULCOS, it is regarded as a long-term option, largely dependent on the emergence of a hydrogen economy. To anticipate its…
Based on first principles density functional theory calculations we explored energetics of oxygen reduction reaction over pristine and nitrogen-doped graphene with different amounts of nitrogen doping. The process of oxygen reduction…
Direct reduction of iron using hydrogen-rich gas is rapidly emerging as a key strategy for green steel production. This process involves complex, multiscale phenomena, encompassing solid-state phase transformations and gas transport through…
We develop a one-dimensional mathematical model for the loading process of hydrogen in a metal hydride tank. The model describes the evolution of the density and pressure of the hydrogen gas, the temperature of the tank, the averaged…
Numerous metallurgical and materials science applications depend on quantitative atomic-scale characterizations of environmentally-sensitive materials and their transient states. Studying the effect upon materials subjected to…