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The short term variability of the Galactic cosmic ray flux (CRF) reaching Earth has been previously associated with variations in the global low altitude cloud cover. This CRF variability arises from changes in the solar wind strength.…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 Nir J. Shaviv

Observations of the emission of the carbon cycle species (C, C+ CO) are commonly used to diagnose gas properties in the interstellar medium but are significantly sensitive to the cosmic-ray ionization rate. The carbon-cycle chemistry is…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2022-03-14 Brandt A. L. Gaches , Thomas G. Bisbas , Shmuel Bialy

The inter-relation of clouds, solar irradiance and surface temperature is complex and subject to different interpretations. Here, we continue our recent work, which related mainly to the period from 1960 to the present, back to 1900 with…

Geophysics · Physics 2010-03-16 A. D. Erlykin , T. Sloan , A. W. Wolfendale

Shaviv (2003) has shown evidence for a correlation between variations in the Galactic cosmic ray flux reaching Earth and the glaciation period record on Earth during the last 2 Gyr. If the flux of cosmic rays is mainly the result of Type II…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 R. de la Fuente Marcos , C. de la Fuente Marcos

We study changes of the galactic cosmic ray (GCR) intensity for the ending period of the solar cycle 23 and the beginning of the solar cycle 24 using neutron monitors experimental data. We show that an increase of the GCR intensity in 2009…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-04-06 M. V. Alania , R. Modzelewska , A. Wawrzynczak

The cause of the glacial cycles remains a mystery. The origin is widely accepted to be astronomical since paleoclimatic archives contain strong spectral components that match the frequencies of Earth's orbital modulation. Milankovitch…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 J. Kirkby , A. Mangini , R. A. Muller

During the recent solar minimum between cycles 23 and 24 (solar minimum $P_{23/24}$) the intensity of Galactic Cosmic Rays (GCRs) measured at the Earth was the highest ever recorded since space age. It is the purpose of this paper to…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2014-12-04 L. -L. Zhao , G. Qin , M. Zhang , B. Heber

After a prolong and deep solar minimum at the end of solar cycle 23, the current cycle 24 is one of the lowest cycles. The two periods of deep minimum and mini-maximum of the cycle 24 are connected by a period of increasing solar activity.…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2016-12-30 D. Lingri , H. Mavromichalaki , A. Belov , E. Eroshenko , V. Yanke , A. Abunin , M. Abunina

It is well known that the cosmic ray intensity observed at the Earth's surface presents an 11 and 22-yr variations associated with the solar activity cycle. However, the observation and analysis of this modulation through ground muon…

Observations of H3+ in the Galactic diffuse interstellar medium (ISM) have led to various surprising results, including the conclusion that the cosmic-ray ionization rate (zeta_2) is about 1 order of magnitude larger than previously…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-06-03 Nick Indriolo , Benjamin J. McCall

A litany of research has been published claiming strong solar influences on the Earth's weather and climate. Much of this work includes documented errors and false-positives, yet is still frequently used to substantiate arguments of global…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2015-02-03 Benjamin A. Laken

This study presents preliminary results from the analysis of cosmic-ray anisotropy using air showers detected by the IceTop surface array between 2011 and 2022. With improved statistical precision and updated Monte Carlo simulation events…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-08-01 Rasha Abbasi , Paolo Desiati , Juan Carlos Díaz Vélez , Frank McNally

Based on theoretical and experimental consideration of the first (the Twomey effect) and second indirect aerosol effects the quasianalytic description of physical connection between the galactic cosmic rays intensity and the Earth's cloud…

The shadowing effect of the Moon and Sun in TeV cosmic rays has been measured with high statistical significance by several experiments. Unlike particles from directions close to the Moon, however, charged particles passing by the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2019-08-28 Frederik Tenholt , Julia Becker Tjus , Paolo Desiati

Variations in the flux of Galactic Cosmic Rays (GCR) at Earth during the last 4.6 billion years are constructed from information about the Star Formation Rate (SFR) in the Milky Way and the evolution of solar activity. The variations of GCR…

Space Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Henrik Svensmark

Standard solar models predict a solar luminosity that gradually increased by about 30% over the past 4.5 billion years. Under the faint sun, Earth should have been frozen solid for most of its existence. Yet, running water is observed to…

Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-24 Nir J. Shaviv

Long-term measurements (1972-2015) of the reflectivity of Uranus at 472 and 551 nm display variability that is incompletely explained by seasonal effects. Spectral analysis shows this non-seasonal variability tracks the 11-year solar cycle.…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2017-12-20 K. L. Aplin , R. G. Harrison

The Integrated Science Investigation of the Sun instrument suite onboard NASA's Parker Solar Probe mission continues to measure solar energetic particles and cosmic rays closer to the Sun than ever before. Here, we present the first…

Two recent papers claimed to have found a periodic variation of the galactic cosmic ray (CR) flux over the last 1-2 Gyr, using the CR exposure ages of iron meteorites. This was attributed to higher CR flux during the passage of the Earth…

Astrophysics · Physics 2016-08-30 Knud Jahnke

A recent study has suggested a link between the surface level diurnal temperature range (DTR) and variations in the cosmic ray (CR) flux. As the DTR is an effective proxy for cloud cover, this result supports the notion that widespread…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2012-12-14 Benjamin A. Laken , Jasa Čalogović , Tariq Shahbaz , Enric Pallé