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Long-distance quantum communication via entanglement distribution is of great importance for the quantum internet. However, scaling up to such long distances has proved challenging due to the loss of photons, which grows exponentially with…

Quantum networks, capable of transmitting arbitrary quantum states, provide a foundation for a wide range of quantum applications, including distributed quantum computing, distributed quantum sensing, and quantum communication. Photons are…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-08-28 Tian-Xiang Zhu , Xiao Liu , Zong-Quan Zhou , Chuan-Feng Li

Quantum memory capable of stopping flying photons and storing their quantum coherence is essential for scalable quantum technologies. A room-temperature broadband quantum memory will enable the implementation of large-scale quantum systems…

We review a series of quantum memory protocols designed to store the quantum information carried by light into atomic ensembles. In particular, we show how a simple semiclassical formalism allows to gain insight into various memory…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-08-28 Thierry Chanelière , Gabriel Hétet , Nicolas Sangouard

We present a simplified version of a repeater protocol in a cold neutral-atom ensemble with Rydberg excitations optimized for two-node entanglement generation and describe a protocol for quantum teleportation. Our proposal draws from…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-04-22 Neal Solmeyer , Xiao Li , Qudsia Quraishi

The realization of a global quantum network holds the potential to enable groundbreaking applications such as secure quantum communication and blind quantum computing. However, building such a network remains a formidable challenge,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-24 Jia-Wei Ji , Shinichi Sunami , Seigo Kikura , Akihisa Goban , Christoph Simon

Quantum repeaters are employed in quantum communication to overcome the long-distance transmission loss of quantum states. The quantum repeater is based on various key technologies, including quantum entanglement swapping, quantum memory,…

We present a "hybrid quantum repeater" protocol for the long-distance distribution of atomic entangled states beyond qubits. In our scheme, imperfect noisy entangled pairs of two qudits, i.e., two discrete-variable $d$-level systems, each…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-04-03 Marcel Bergmann , Peter van Loock

A quantum repeater node is presented based on trapped ions that act as single photon emitters, quantum memories and an elementary quantum processor. The node's ability to establish entanglement across two 25 km-long optical fibers…

Quantum memory is a key element for quantum repeaters and linear optical quantum computers. In addition to memory, repeaters and computers also require manipulating quantum states by means of unitary transformations, which is generally…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-10-15 A. Delfan Abazari , E. Saglamyurek , R. Ricken , W. Sohler , C. La Mela , W. Tittel

A new protocol of the optical quantum memory based on the resonant interactions of the multi atomic system with a cavity light mode is proposed. The quantum memory is realized using a controllable inversion of the inhomogeneous broadening…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 S. A. Moiseev

Atomic ensembles are effective memory nodes for quantum communication network due to the long coherence time and the collective enhancement effect for the nonlinear interaction between an ensemble and a photon. Here we investigate the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-10-02 Tao Li , Guo-Jian Yang , Fu-Guo Deng

We report an experimental realization of entanglement concentration using two polarization-entangled photon pairs produced by pulsed parametric down-conversion. In the meantime, our setup also provides a proof-in-principle demonstration of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-09-08 Zhi Zhao , Tao Yang , Yu-Ao Chen , An-Ning Zhang , Jian-Wei Pan

Quantum networks will be able to service consumers with long-distance entanglement by use of quantum repeaters that generate Bell pairs (or links) with their neighbors, iid with probability $p$ and perform Bell State Measurements (BSMs) on…

Quantum memory is an important component in the long-distance quantum communication system based on the quantum repeater protocol. To outperform the direct transmission of photons with quantum repeaters, it is crucial to develop quantum…

We introduce a general scheme for sequential one-way quantum computation where static systems with long-living quantum coherence (memories) interact with moving systems that may possess very short coherence times. Both the generation of the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-05-27 Augusto J. Roncaglia , Leandro Aolita , Alessandro Ferraro , Antonio Acin

The standard approach to realize a quantum repeater relies upon probabilistic but heralded entangled state manipulations and the storage of quantum states while waiting for successful events. In the literature on this class of repeaters,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-09-25 E. Shchukin , F. Schmidt , P. van Loock

The architecture proposed by Duan, Lukin, Cirac, and Zoller (DLCZ) for long-distance quantum communication with atomic ensembles is analyzed. Its fidelity and throughput in entanglement distribution, entanglement swapping, and quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-11 Mohsen Razavi , Jeffrey H. Shapiro

Quantum repeaters are critical components for distributing entanglement over long distances in presence of unavoidable optical losses during transmission. Stimulated by Duan-Lukin-Cirac-Zoller protocol, many improved quantum-repeater…

Quantum memories feature a reversible conversion of optical fields into long-lived atomic spin waves, and are therefore ideal for operating as sensitive atomic sensors. However, up to now, atom-light interferometers have lacked an efficient…