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Related papers: What Exactly is the Information Paradox?

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The black hole information paradox is the incompatibility of quantum mechanics with the semi-classical picture of Hawking radiation. Hawking radiation appears thermal and eventually leads to the complete disappearance of a black hole.…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2021-08-13 Malcolm J. Perry

The black hole information loss paradox has plagued physicists since Hawking's discovery that black holes evaporate thermally in contradiction to the unitarity expected by quantum mechanics. Here we show that one of the central presumptions…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-11-11 John Smolin , Jonathan Oppenheim

In both classical and quantum world, information cannot appear or disappear. This fundamental principle, however, is questioned for a black hole, by the acclaimed "information loss paradox". Based on the conservation laws of energy, charge,…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2013-08-13 Baocheng Zhang , Qing-yu Cai , Ming-sheng Zhan , Li You

The black hole information paradox has been with us for some time. We outline the nature of the paradox. We then propose a resolution based on an examination of the properties of quantum gravity under circumstances that give rise to a…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2022-09-07 Malcolm J. Perry

I review the information loss paradox that was first formulated by Hawking, and discuss possible ways of resolving it. All proposed solutions have serious drawbacks. I conclude that the information loss paradox may well presage a revolution…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2007-05-23 John Preskill

Suppose a black hole forms from a pure quantum state $\ket{\psi}$. The black hole information loss paradox arises from semiclassical arguments suggesting that, even in a closed system, the process of black hole formation and evaporation…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-04-15 Kiran Adhikari

The aim of this work is to present the black hole information problem and discuss the assumptions and hypotheses necessary for its formulation. As the problem arises in the framework of semiclassical gravity, we first review the necessary…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-05-26 Thiago T. Bergamaschi

We review recent progress on the information paradox. We explain why exponentially small correlations in the radiation emitted by a black hole are sufficient to resolve the original paradox put forward by Hawking. We then describe a…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2021-02-02 Suvrat Raju

The discovery of the fact that black holes radiate particles and eventually evaporate led Hawking to pose the well-known information loss paradox. This paradox caused a long and serious debate since it claims that the fundamental laws of…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2015-10-01 Masanori Hanada , Yoshifumi Hyakutake , Goro Ishiki , Jun Nishimura

The black hole information paradox apparently indicates the need for a fundamentally new ingredient in physics. The leading contender is nonlocality. Possible mechanisms for the nonlocality needed to restore unitarity to black hole…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2008-11-26 Steven B. Giddings

In recent years a statistical mechanics description of particles, fields and spacetime based on the concept of quantum open systems and the influence functional formalism has been introduced. It reproduces in full the established theory of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2016-08-31 B. L. Hu

Hawking's argument for information loss in black hole evaporation rests on the assumption of independent Hilbert spaces for the interior and exterior of a black hole. We argue that such independence cannot be established without…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-11-10 Steven B. Giddings , Matthew Lippert

The information paradox suggests that the black hole loses information when it emits radiation. In this way, the spectrum of radiation corresponds to a mixed (non-pure) quantum state even if the internal state generating the black-hole is…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-01-07 Ivan Arraut

Over the years, the so-called black hole information loss paradox has generated an amazingly diverse set of (often radical) proposals. However, forty years after the introduction of Hawking's radiation, there continues to be a debate…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2018-04-18 Elias Okon , Daniel Sudarsky

Many relativists have been long convinced that black hole evaporation leads to information loss or remnants. String theorists have however not been too worried about the issue, largely due to a belief that the Hawking argument for…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2015-06-03 Samir D. Mathur

Quantum entanglement lies at the heart of quantum information theory, with applications to quantum computing, teleportation, cryptography and communication. In the apparently separate world of quantum gravity, the Hawking effect of…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2017-08-23 M. J. Duff

We provide a pedagogical introduction to the concepts underlying black hole information loss, intended for readers familiar with special relativity and quantum mechanics. We emphasize that there is no paradox of information loss, and that…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-03-04 Thiago T. Bergamaschi

An important reason why it is currently difficult to unify relativity theory and quantum theory is the quantum information paradox. The information engulfment pointed out by general relativity violates the principles of quantum mechanics.…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-01-30 Yangting Liu

The information loss paradox is often discussed from the perspective of the observers who stay outside of a black hole. However, the interior spacetime of a black hole can be rather nontrivial. We discuss the open problems regarding the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-02-27 Yen Chin Ong

The black hole information paradox is really a combination of two problems: the causality paradox and the entanglement problem. The causality paradox arises because in the semiclassical approximation infalling matter gets causally trapped…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2017-03-10 Samir D. Mathur