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Related papers: Knapsack cryptosystems built on NP-hard instance

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There are several public key establishment protocols as well as complete public key cryptosystems based on allegedly hard problems from combinatorial (semi)group theory known by now. Most of these problems are search problems, i.e., they…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Vladimir Shpilrain , Gabriel Zapata

We show the following hold, unconditionally unless otherwise stated, relative to a random oracle: - There are NP search problems solvable by quantum polynomial-time machines but not classical probabilistic polynomial-time machines. - There…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-11-12 Takashi Yamakawa , Mark Zhandry

NTRU cryptosystem has allowed designing a range of cryptographic schemes due to its flexibility and efficiency. Although NTRU cryptosystem was introduced nearly two decades ago, it has not yet received any attention like designing a secret…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2017-10-09 Maheswara Rao Valluri

We consider chance-constrained binary knapsack problems, where the weights of items are independent random variables with the means and standard deviations known. The chance constraint can be reformulated as a second-order cone constraint…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-05-26 Jaehyeon Ryu , Sungsoo Park

We introduce a computational problem of distinguishing between two specific quantum states as a new cryptographic problem to design a quantum cryptographic scheme that is "secure" against any polynomial-time quantum adversary. Our problem,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-05-25 Akinori Kawachi , Takeshi Koshiba , Harumichi Nishimura , Tomoyuki Yamakami

The security of public-key cryptosystems is mostly based on number theoretic problems like factorization and the discrete logarithm. There exists an algorithm which solves these problems in polynomial time using a quantum computer. Hence,…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2015-11-30 Sven Puchinger , Sven Müelich , Karim Ishak , Martin Bossert

Public-key cryptography algorithms have evolved towards increasing computational complexity to hide desired messages, which is accelerating with the development of the Internet and quantum computing. This paper introduces a novel public-key…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-12-03 Keum-Bae Cho

A cryptographic algorithm is proposed based on fully quantum mechanical keys and ciphers. Encryption and decryption are carried out via an appropriate measurement process on entangled states as governed by a quantum mechanical, asymmetrical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Guihua Zeng , Carlos Saavedra , Christoph H. Keitel

Two recently published papers propose some very simple key distribution schemes designed to enable two or more parties to establish a shared secret key with the aid of a third party. Unfortunately, as we show, most of the schemes are…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-03-16 Chris J Mitchell

The secret protection problem (SPP) seeks to synthesize a minimum-cost policy ensuring that every execution from an initial state to a secret state includes a sufficient number of protected events. Previous work showed that the problem is…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2025-09-19 Tomáš Masopust , Jakub Večeřa

In this paper, we propose a robust optimization-based heuristic algorithm for the chance-constrained binary knapsack problem (CKP). We assume that the weights of items are independent normally distributed. By utilizing the properties of the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2018-11-06 Seulgi Joung , Kyungsik Lee

The knapsack problem (KP) is a very famous NP-hard problem in combinatorial optimization. Also its generalization to multiple dimensions named d-dimensional knapsack problem (d-KP) and to multiple knapsacks named multiple knapsack problem…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2016-11-24 Carolin Albrecht , Frank Gurski , Jochen Rethmann , Eda Yilmaz

In the knapsack problem under explorable uncertainty, we are given a knapsack instance with uncertain item profits. Instead of having access to the precise profits, we are only given uncertainty intervals that are guaranteed to contain the…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-07-04 Jens Schlöter

This article bridges the gap between two topics used in sharing an encryption key: (i) Key Consolidation, i.e., extracting two identical strings of bits from two information sources with similarities (common randomness). (ii) Quantum-safe…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-01-31 Amir K. Khandani

Clustering is a NP-hard problem. Thus, no optimal algorithm exists, heuristics are applied to cluster the data. Heuristics can be very resource-intensive, if not applied properly. For substantially large data sets computational efficiencies…

Databases · Computer Science 2020-03-11 Mujahid Sultan

The length-based approach is a heuristic for solving randomly generated equations in groups which possess a reasonably behaved length function. We describe several improvements of the previously suggested length-based algorithms, that make…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2010-08-02 Dima Ruinskiy , Adi Shamir , Boaz Tsaban

General cryptographic schemes are presented where keys can be one-time or ephemeral. Processes for key exchange are derived. Public key cryptographic schemes based on the new systems are easily established. Authentication and signature…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-04-13 Ted Hurley

Why study Lattice-based Cryptography? There are a few ways to answer this question. 1. It is useful to have cryptosystems that are based on a variety of hard computational problems so the different cryptosystems are not all vulnerable in…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-09-29 Yang Li , Kee Siong Ng , Michael Purcell

Based on quantum encryption, we present a new idea for quantum public-key cryptography (QPKC) and construct a whole theoretical framework of a QPKC system. We show that the quantum-mechanical nature renders it feasible and reasonable to use…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-12-23 Fei Gao , Qiao-Yan Wen , Su-Juan Qin , Fu-Chen Zhu

Group ring NTRU (GR-NTRU) provides a general structure to design different variants of NTRU-like schemes by employing different groups. Although, most of the schemes in literature are built over cyclic groups, nonabelian groups can also be…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-09-18 Vikas Kumar , Ali Raya , Sugata Gangopadhyay , Aditi Kar Gangopadhyay