Related papers: Supernovae and Cosmology
The accelerating expansion of the Universe is one of the most surprising and potentially profound discoveries of modern cosmology. Measuring the acceleration well enough to meaningfully constrain interesting physical models requires…
Recent observations of distant supernovae imply, in defiance of expectations, that the universe growth is accelerating, contrary to what has always been assumed that the expansion is slowing down due to gravity. In this paper a…
Supernovae play a large but poorly understood role in our attempts to explain the evolution of the baryonic universe. Numerous observations throughout astronomy cannot be explained if we neglect their influence, yet our quantitative…
We study the possibility to probe the spatial geometry of the Universe by supernova measurement of the cubic correction to the luminosity distance. We illustrate with an accelerating universe model with infinite-volume extra dimensions, for…
The use of multiple independent methods with their own systematic uncertainties is crucial for resolving the ongoing tension between local and distant measurements of the Hubble constant ($H_{0}$). While type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) have…
Empirically, Type Ia supernovae are the most useful, precise, and mature tools for determining astronomical distances. Acting as calibrated candles they revealed the presence of dark energy and are being used to measure its properties.…
Recent experimental results find strong indications that the universe is flat, while other experimental results from supernovae Ia observations have been interpreted to show that, not only that there is an accelerating expansion of the…
Astronomers measure distances to faraway galaxies and their velocities. They do that in order to determine the expansion rate of the Universe. In Part I of these lectures the foundations of the theory of the expansion of the Universe was…
Cosmic voids are low-mass-density regions on intergalactic scales. They are where cosmic expansion and acceleration are most dominant, important places to understand and analyze for cosmology. This entry summarises theoretical underpinnings…
We use supernovae measurements, calibrated by the local determination of the Hubble constant $H_0$ by SH0ES, to interpolate the distance-redshift relation using Gaussian process regression. We then predict, independent of the cosmological…
Supernovae in distant galaxies that are gravitationally lensed by foreground galaxy clusters make excellent cosmological candles for measuring quantities like the density of the Universe in its various components and the Hubble constant.…
There are irreducible differences between the Hubble constant measured locally and the global value. They are due to density perturbations and finite sample volume (cosmic variance) and finite number of objects in the sample (sampling…
The accelerating expansion of the universe is one of the most profound discoveries in modern cosmology, pointing to a universe in which 70% of the mass-energy density has an unknown form spread uniformly across the universe. This result has…
A brief summary of some highlights in the study of high energy astrophysical sources over the past decade is presented. It is argued that the great progress that has been made derives largely from the application of new technology to…
Thermonuclear (Type Ia) supernovae are bright stellar explosions, the light curves of which can be calibrated to allow for use as "standard candles" for measuring cosmological distances. Contemporary research investigates how the brightness…
Relativistic aberration influences apparent luminosities of objects moving with relativistic relative velocities. The superluminosity or dimming of incoming or receding jets ejected from Active Galactic Nuclei is believed to be the…
Astrophysics and cosmology can be used to test the standard model of particle physics under conditions and over distance and time scales not accessible to laboratory experiments. Most of the astrophysical observations are in good agreement…
Subject of this contribution is to demonstrate that the observed faintness of the supernovae at the high redshift can be considered as a manifestation of quantum effects at cosmological scales. We show that observed redshift distribution of…
Here we present some critical discussions about the systematic uncertainty by dust extinction in the recent cosmological results of high-redshift Type Ia supernovae. First we argue that the currently available data do not robustly exclude…
The results from the Supernova Cosmology Project indicate a relation between cosmic distance and redshift that corresponds to an accelerating Universe, and, as a consequence, the presence of an energy component with negative pressure. This…