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We present in this paper mid-infrared (5-8~$\mu$m) spectroscopy toward the massive young binary W3~IRS~5, using the EXES spectrometer in high-resolution mode ($R\sim$50,000) from the NASA Stratospheric Observatory for Infrared Astronomy…

There has been growing interest in extending the coverage of ground PM2.5 monitoring networks based on satellite remote sensing data. With broad spatial and temporal coverage, satellite based monitoring network has a strong potential to…

Applications · Statistics 2018-09-14 Yikai Wang , Xuefei Hu , Howard Chang , Lance Waller , Jessica Belle , Yang Liu

We present FORECAST, a new flexible and adaptable software package that performs forward modeling of the output of any cosmological hydrodynamical simulations to create a wide range of realistic synthetic astronomical images. With…

Accurate and high-resolution estimation of land surface temperature (LST) is crucial in estimating evapotranspiration, a measure of plant water use and a central quantity in agricultural applications. In this work, we develop a novel…

The Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) has been a very powerful and important contributor to all scientific questions related to precise positioning on Earth's surface, particularly as a mature technique in geodesy and geosciences.…

Geophysics · Physics 2015-10-27 Shuanggen Jin , Attila Komjathy

Solar observations in the mid-infrared 8-14 \mu\m band continuum were carried out with cadence of 5 frames per second, in December 2007. Rapid small heated sources, with typical duration of the order of seconds, were found on the bright…

We construct an evolutionary spectral energy distribution (SED) model of a starburst region, from the ultraviolet to submillimetre wavelengths. This model allows us to derive the star formation rate, optical depth by dust and apparent…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 Toshinobu Takagi , Nobuo Arimoto , Hitoshi Hanami

Optical observations of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) contemporaneous with their prompt high-energy emission are rare, but they can provide insights into the physical processes underlying these explosive events. The Transiting Exoplanet Survey…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-07-10 Rahul Jayaraman , Michael Fausnaugh , George Ricker , Roland Vanderspek

Satellite Remote Sensing Technology is becoming a major milestone in the prediction of weather anomalies, natural disasters as well as finding alternative resources in proximity using multiple multi-spectral sensors emitting electromagnetic…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-09-28 Suraj Kothawade , Kunjan Mhaske , Sahil Sharma , Furkhan Shaikh

Urbanization, climate change, and agricultural stress are increasing the demand for precise and timely environmental monitoring. Land Surface Temperature (LST) is a key variable in this context and is retrieved from remote sensing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-11 Sofiane Bouaziz , Adel Hafiane , Raphael Canals , Rachid Nedjai

Dust storms harm health and reduce visibility; quick detection from satellites is needed. We present a near real-time system that flags dust at the pixel level using multi-band images from NASA's Terra and Aqua (MODIS). A 3D convolutional…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-09 Caleb Gates , Patrick Moorhead , Jayden Ferguson , Omar Darwish , Conner Stallman , Pablo Rivas , Paapa Quansah

Convection initiation (CI) nowcasting remains a challenging problem for both numerical weather prediction models and existing nowcasting algorithms. In this study, object-based probabilistic deep learning models are developed to predict CI…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2025-07-23 Da Fan , Steven J. Greybush , David John Gagne , Eugene E. Clothiaux

A unified statistical model is proposed to characterize turbulence-induced fading in underwater wireless optical communication (UWOC) channels in the presence of air bubbles and temperature gradient for fresh and salty waters, based on…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2018-10-16 Emna Zedini , Hassan M. Oubei , Abla Kammoun , Mounir Hamdi , Boon S. Ooi , Mohamed-Slim Alouini

Satellite communication systems are shifting to higher frequency bands (Ka, Q/V, W) to support more data-intensive services and alleviate spectral congestion. However, the use of Extremely High Frequencies, typically above 20 GHz, causes…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-02-25 Justin Cano , Jonathan Israël , Laurent Féral

Geostationary satellites collect high-resolution weather data comprising a series of images which can be used to estimate wind speed and direction at different altitudes. The Derived Motion Winds (DMW) Algorithm is commonly used to process…

Applications · Statistics 2023-09-13 Indranil Sahoo , Joseph Guinness , Brian J. Reich

To understand and interpret the observed Spectral Energy Distributions (SEDs) of starbursts, theoretical or semi-empirical SED models are necessary. Yet, while they are well-founded in theory, independent verification and calibration of…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-28 J. R. Martínez-Galarza , B. Groves , B. Brandl , G. E. de Messieres , R. Indebetouw , M. A. Dopita

An approach to the remote sensing of land surface temperature is developed using the methods of Bayesian inference. The starting point is the maximum entropy estimate for the posterior distribution of radiance in multiple bands. In order to…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2009-11-10 J. A. Morgan

Colour light curves of resident space objects (RSOs) encapsulate distinctive features that can offer insights into an object's structure and design, making them an invaluable tool for classification and characterisation. We present the…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2025-02-19 Robert J. S. Airey , Paul Chote , James A. Blake , Benjamin F. Cooke , James McCormac , Phineas Allen , Alex MacManus , Don Pollacco , Billy Shrive , Richard West

We utilize a Bayesian approach to fit the observed mid-IR-to-submm/mm spectral energy distributions (SEDs) of 22 WISE-selected and submm-detected, hyperluminous hot dust-obscured galaxies. By adopting the Torus+GB model, we decompose the…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2016-06-01 Lulu Fan , Yunkun Han , Robert Nikutta , Guillaume Drouart , Kirsten K. Knudsen

We assess broadband color filters for the two fast cameras on the PLAnetary Transits and Oscillations (PLATO) of stars space mission with respect to exoplanetary atmospheric characterization. We focus on Ultra Hot Jupiters and Hot Jupiters…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-07-29 John Lee Grenfell , Mareike Godolt , Juan Cabrera , Ludmila Carone , Antonio Garcia Munoz , Daniel Kitzmann , Alexis Smith , Heike Rauer