Related papers: Mathematical Issues in a Fully-Constrained Formula…
The Einstein evolution equations are studied in a gauge given by a combination of the constant mean curvature and spatial harmonic coordinate conditions. This leads to a coupled quasilinear elliptic--hyperbolic system of evolution…
Einstein's equations for general relativity, when viewed as a dynamical system for evolving initial data, have a serious flaw: they cannot be proven to be well-posed (except in special coordinates). That is, they do not produce unique…
This paper is concerned exclusively with axisymmetric spacetimes. We want to develop reductions of Einstein's equations which are suitable for numerical evolutions. We first make a Kaluza-Klein type dimensional reduction followed by an ADM…
We discuss a successful three-dimensional cartesian implementation of the Bona-Mass\'o hyperbolic formulation of the 3+1 Einstein evolution equations in numerical relativity. The numerical code, which we call ``Cactus,'' provides a general…
The causal structure of Einstein's evolution equations is considered. We show that in general they can be written as a first order system of balance laws for any choice of slicing or shift. We also show how certain terms in the evolution…
The constraint equations for smooth $[n+1]$-dimensional (with $n\geq 3$) Riemannian or Lorentzian spaces satisfying the Einstein field equations are considered. It is shown, regardless of the signature of the primary space, that the…
We propose a new formulation for 3+1 numerical relativity, based on a constrained scheme and a generalization of Dirac gauge to spherical coordinates. This is made possible thanks to the introduction of a flat 3-metric on the spatial…
This thesis is concerned with formulations of the Einstein equations in axisymmetric spacetimes which are suitable for numerical evolutions. We develop two evolution systems based on the (2+1)+1 formalism. The first is a (partially)…
In the 3+1 framework of the Einstein equations for the case of vanishing shift vector and arbitrary lapse, we calculate explicitly the four boundary equations arising from the vanishing of the projection of the Einstein tensor along the…
The Einstein evolution equations have been written in a number of symmetric hyperbolic forms when the gauge fields--the densitized lapse and the shift--are taken to be fixed functions of the coordinates. Extended systems of evolution…
The integration of the Einstein equations split into the solution of constraints on an initial space like 3 - manifold, an essentially elliptic system, and a system which will describe the dynamical evolution, modulo a choice of gauge. We…
A new representation of the Einstein evolution equations is presented that is first order, linearly degenerate, and symmetric hyperbolic. This new system uses the generalized harmonic method to specify the coordinates, and exponentially…
We introduce a proposal to modify Einstein's equations by embedding them in a larger symmetric hyperbolic system. The additional dynamical variables of the modified system are essentially first integrals of the original constraints. The…
We discuss several explicitly causal hyperbolic formulations of Einstein's dynamical 3+1 equations in a coherent way, emphasizing throughout the fundamental role of the ``slicing function,'' $\alpha$---the quantity that relates the lapse…
We present three-dimensional simulations of Einstein equations implementing a symmetric hyperbolic system of equations with dynamical lapse. The numerical implementation makes use of techniques that guarantee linear numerical stability for…
There is strong evidence indicating that the particular form used to recast the Einstein equation as a 3+1 set of evolution equations has a fundamental impact on the stability properties of numerical evolutions involving black holes and/or…
We investigate how the accuracy and stability of numerical relativity simulations of 1D colliding plane waves depends on choices of equation formulations, gauge conditions, boundary conditions, and numerical methods, all in the context of a…
Motivated by the need to control the exponential growth of constraint violations in numerical solutions of the Einstein evolution equations, two methods are studied here for controlling this growth in general hyperbolic evolution systems.…
The generalized harmonic representation of Einstein's equation is manifestly hyperbolic for a large class of gauge conditions. Unfortunately most of the useful gauges developed over the past several decades by the numerical relativity…
$3+1$ formulations of the Einstein field equations have become an invaluable tool in Numerical relativity, having been used successfully in modeling spacetimes of black hole collisions, stellar collapse and other complex systems. It is…