Related papers: First catalog of strong lens candidates in the COS…

The BOSS Emission-Line Lens Survey (BELLS). I. A large spectroscopically selected sample of Lens Galaxies at redshift ~ 0.5

We present a catalog of 25 definite and 11 probable strong galaxy-galaxy gravitational lens systems with redshifts 0.4 \lesssim z \lesssim 0.7, discovered spectroscopically by the presence of higher redshift emission-lines within the Baryon…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2011-12-19 Joel R. Brownstein , Adam S. Bolton , David J. Schlegel , Daniel J. Eisenstein , Christopher S. Kochanek , Natalia Connolly , Claudia Maraston , Parul Pandey , Stella Seitz , David A. Wake , W. Michael Wood-Vasey , Jon Brinkmann , Donald P. Schneider , Benjamin A. Weaver

Gravitational Lensing of High Redshift Sources

The combination of deep exposures and high resolution offered by telescopes in space allows the detection of lensing over a wide range of source redshifts and lens masses. As an example, we model a lens candidate found in the southern…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Rennan Barkana , David Hogg , Abraham Loeb , Roger Blandford

Euclid Quick Data Release (Q1). The Strong Lensing Discovery Engine F -- Bright and low-redshift strong lenses

We present 72 additional galaxy-galaxy strong lenses that complement the sample discovered in the Euclid Quick Release 1 data (63.1 deg^2) of the Strong Lens Discovery Engine (SLDE) papers A-E. It is shown that previous pre-selection of…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2026-03-31 Euclid Collaboration , L. R. Ecker , M. Fabricius , S. Seitz , R. Saglia , N. E. P. Lines , P. Holloway , T. Li , A. Verma , F. Balzer , Q. Jin , A. Manjón-García , S. H. Vincken , J. Wilde , J. A. Acevedo Barroso , J. W. Nightingale , K. Rojas , S. Schuldt , M. Walmsley , T. E. Collett , G. Despali , A. Sonnenfeld , C. Tortora , R. B. Metcalf , R. Bender , C. Saulder , E. Baeten , C. Cornen , D. Delley , K. Finner , A. Galan , R. Gavazzi , L. C. Johnson , L. Leuzzi , C. Macmillan , P. J. Marshall , M. Millon , A. More , L. A. Moustakas , J. Pearson , J. -N. Pippert , C. Scarlata , D. Sluse , C. Spiniello , T. T. Thai , L. Ulivi , Han. Wang , X. Xu , F. Courbin , M. Meneghetti , N. Aghanim , B. Altieri , S. Andreon , N. Auricchio , C. Baccigalupi , M. Baldi , A. Balestra , S. Bardelli , P. Battaglia , A. Biviano , E. Branchini , M. Brescia , S. Camera , G. Cañas-Herrera , V. Capobianco , C. Carbone , J. Carretero , S. Casas , M. Castellano , G. Castignani , S. Cavuoti , K. C. Chambers , A. Cimatti , C. Colodro-Conde , G. Congedo , C. J. Conselice , L. Conversi , Y. Copin , A. Costille , H. M. Courtois , M. Cropper , A. Da Silva , H. Degaudenzi , G. De Lucia , C. Dolding , H. Dole , F. Dubath , X. Dupac , S. Dusini , A. Ealet , S. Escoffier , M. Farina , R. Farinelli , F. Faustini , S. Ferriol , F. Finelli , P. Fosalba , S. Fotopoulou , M. Frailis , E. Franceschi , M. Fumana , S. Galeotta , K. George , W. Gillard , B. Gillis , C. Giocoli , P. Gómez-Alvarez , J. Gracia-Carpio , A. Grazian , F. Grupp , L. Guzzo , S. V. H. Haugan , H. Hoekstra , W. Holmes , F. Hormuth , A. Hornstrup , K. Jahnke , M. Jhabvala , B. Joachimi , E. Keihänen , S. Kermiche , A. Kiessling , B. Kubik , M. Kümmel , M. Kunz , H. Kurki-Suonio , A. M. C. Le Brun , D. Le Mignant , S. Ligori , P. B. Lilje , V. Lindholm , I. Lloro , G. Mainetti , D. Maino , E. Maiorano , O. Mansutti , S. Marcin , O. Marggraf , M. Martinelli , N. Martinet , F. Marulli , R. J. Massey , E. Medinaceli , S. Mei , Y. Mellier , E. Merlin , G. Meylan , A. Mora , M. Moresco , L. Moscardini , R. Nakajima , C. Neissner , R. C. Nichol , S. -M. Niemi , C. Padilla , S. Paltani , F. Pasian , K. Pedersen , W. J. Percival , V. Pettorino , S. Pires , G. Polenta , M. Poncet , L. Pozzetti , F. Raison , A. Renzi , J. Rhodes , G. Riccio , H. -W. Rix , E. Romelli , M. Roncarelli , E. Rossetti , Z. Sakr , A. G. Sánchez , D. Sapone , B. Sartoris , P. Schneider , T. Schrabback , A. Secroun , G. Seidel , S. Serrano , P. Simon , C. Sirignano , G. Sirri , L. Stanco , J. Steinwagner , P. Tallada-Crespí , A. N. Taylor , H. I. Teplitz , I. Tereno , N. Tessore , S. Toft , R. Toledo-Moreo , F. Torradeflot , I. Tutusaus , L. Valenziano , J. Valiviita , T. Vassallo , Y. Wang , J. Weller , A. Zacchei , G. Zamorani , F. M. Zerbi , E. Zucca , M. Ballardini , M. Bolzonella , E. Bozzo , C. Burigana , R. Cabanac , A. Cappi , T. Castro , B. Clément , J. A. Escartin Vigo , L. Gabarra , J. García-Bellido , V. Gautard , S. Hemmati , M. Huertas-Company , J. Macias-Perez , R. Maoli , J. Martín-Fleitas , M. Maturi , N. Mauri , P. Monaco , A. Pezzotta , M. Pöntinen , C. Porciani , I. Risso , V. Scottez , M. Sereno , M. Tenti , M. Tucci , M. Viel , M. Wiesmann , Y. Akrami , I. T. Andika , G. Angora , S. Anselmi , M. Archidiacono , F. Atrio-Barandela , L. Bazzanini , P. Bergamini , D. Bertacca , M. Bethermin , F. Beutler , A. Blanchard , L. Blot , M. Bonici , S. Borgani , M. L. Brown , S. Bruton , A. Calabro , B. Camacho Quevedo , F. Caro , C. S. Carvalho , Y. Charles , F. Cogato , S. Conseil , A. R. Cooray , O. Cucciati , S. Davini , F. De Paolis , G. Desprez , A. Díaz-Sánchez , S. Di Domizio , J. M. Diego , P. -A. Duc , V. Duret , M. Y. Elkhashab , A. Enia , Y. Fang , A. Finoguenov , A. Fontana , A. Franco , K. Ganga , T. Gasparetto , E. Gaztanaga , F. Giacomini , F. Gianotti , G. Gozaliasl , A. Gruppuso , M. Guidi , C. M. Gutierrez , A. Hall , H. Hildebrandt , J. Hjorth , L. K. Hunt , J. J. E. Kajava , Y. Kang , V. Kansal , D. Karagiannis , K. Kiiveri , J. Kim , C. C. Kirkpatrick , S. Kruk , M. Lattanzi , L. Legrand , F. Lepori , G. Leroy , G. F. Lesci , J. Lesgourgues , T. I. Liaudat , A. Loureiro , M. Magliocchetti , F. Mannucci , C. J. A. P. Martins , L. Maurin , M. Miluzio , C. Moretti , G. Morgante , K. Naidoo , P. Natoli , A. Navarro-Alsina , S. Nesseris , D. Paoletti , F. Passalacqua , K. Paterson , L. Patrizii , A. Pisani , D. Potter , G. W. Pratt , S. Quai , M. Radovich , G. Rodighiero , W. Roster , S. Sacquegna , M. Sahlén , D. B. Sanders , E. Sarpa , A. Schneider , D. Sciotti , E. Sellentin , L. C. Smith , J. G. Sorce , K. Tanidis , C. Tao , F. Tarsitano , G. Testera , R. Teyssier , S. Tosi , A. Troja , A. Venhola , D. Vergani , G. Vernardos , G. Verza , P. Vielzeuf , S. Vinciguerra , N. A. Walton , A. H. Wright

Strong Lens Discoveries in DESI Legacy Imaging Surveys DR10 with Two Deep Learning Architectures

We have conducted a search for strong gravitational lensing systems in the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI) Legacy Imaging Surveys Data Release 10 (DR10). This paper is the fourth in a series of searches (following Huang et al.…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-08-28 Jose Carlos Inchausti , Christopher J. Storfer , Xiaosheng Huang , Yuan-Ming Hsu , Brandt Kaufmann , Chaitanya Pasupala , S. Banka , A. Dey , D. Lang , A. Meisner , J. Moustakas , A. D. Myers , E. F. Schlafly , D. J. Schlegel

The SLACS strong lens sample, debiased

Strong gravitational lensing observations can provide extremely valuable information on the structure of galaxies, but their interpretation is made difficult by selection effects, which, if not accounted for, introduce a bias between the…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2024-10-23 Alessandro Sonnenfeld

Finding high-redshift strong lenses in DES using convolutional neural networks

We search Dark Energy Survey (DES) Year 3 imaging data for galaxy-galaxy strong gravitational lenses using convolutional neural networks. We generate 250,000 simulated lenses at redshifts > 0.8 from which we create a data set for training…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2019-01-30 C. Jacobs , T. Collett , K. Glazebrook , C. McCarthy , A. K. Qin , T. M. C. Abbott , F. B. Abdalla , J. Annis , S. Avila , K. Bechtol , E. Bertin , D. Brooks , E. Buckley-Geer , D. L. Burke , A. Carnero Rosell , M. Carrasco Kind , J. Carretero , L. N. da Costa , C. Davis , J. De Vicente , S. Desai , H. T. Diehl , P. Doel , T. F. Eifler , B. Flaugher , J. Frieman , J. García- Bellido , E. Gaztanaga , D. W. Gerdes , D. A. Goldstein , D. Gruen , R. A. Gruendl , J. Gschwend , G. Gutierrez , W. G. Hartley , D. L. Hollowood , K. Honscheid , B. Hoyle , D. J. James , K. Kuehn , N. Kuropatkin , O. Lahav , T. S. Li , M. Lima , H. Lin , M. A. G. Maia , P. Martini , C. J. Miller , R. Miquel , B. Nord , A. A. Plazas , E. Sanchez , V. Scarpine , M. Schubnell , S. Serrano , I. Sevilla-Noarbe , M. Smith , M. Soares-Santos , F. Sobreira , E. Suchyta , M. E. C. Swanson , G. Tarle , V. Vikram , A. R. Walker , Y. Zhang , J. Zuntz

An extended catalog of galaxy-galaxy strong gravitational lenses discovered in DES using convolutional neural networks

We search Dark Energy Survey (DES) Year 3 imaging for galaxy-galaxy strong gravitational lenses using convolutional neural networks, extending previous work with new training sets and covering a wider range of redshifts and colors. We train…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2019-07-31 C. Jacobs , T. Collett , K. Glazebrook , E. Buckley-Geer , H. T. Diehl , H. Lin , C. McCarthy , A. K. Qin , C. Odden , M. Caso Escudero , P. Dial , V. J. Yung , S. Gaitsch , A. Pellico , K. A. Lindgren , T. M. C. Abbott , J. Annis , S. Avila , D. Brooks , D. L. Burke , A. Carnero Rosell , M. Carrasco Kind , J. Carretero , L. N. da Costa , J. De Vicente , P. Fosalba , J. Frieman , J. Garcia-Bellido , E. Gaztanaga , D. A. Goldstein , D. Gruen , R. A. Gruendl , J. Gschwend , D. L. Hollowood , K. Honscheid , B. Hoyle , D. J. James , E. Krause , N. Kuropatkin , O. Lahav , M. Lima , M. A. G. Maia , J. L. Marshall , R. Miquel , A. A. Plazas , A. Roodman , E. Sanchez , V. Scarpine , S. Serrano , I. Sevilla-Noarbe , M. Smith , F. Sobreira , E. Suchyta , M. E. C. Swanson , G. Tarle , V. Vikram , A. R. Walker , Y. Zhang

The Sloan Lens ACS Survey. IX. Colors, Lensing and Stellar Masses of Early-type Galaxies

We present the current photometric dataset for the Sloan Lens ACS (SLACS) Survey, including HST photometry from ACS, WFPC2, and NICMOS. These data have enabled the confirmation of an additional 15 grade `A' (certain) lens systems, bringing…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2014-11-20 M. W. Auger , T. Treu , A. S. Bolton , R. Gavazzi , L. V. E. Koopmans , P. J. Marshall , K. Bundy , L. A. Moustakas

Improved Constraints on the Gravitational Lens Q0957+561. II. Strong Lensing

We present a detailed strong lensing analysis of an HST/ACS legacy dataset for the first gravitational lens, Q0957+561. With deep imaging we identify 24 new strongly lensed features, which we use to constrain mass models. We model the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2014-11-20 Ross Fadely , Charles R. Keeton , Reiko Nakajima , Gary M. Bernstein

The DESI Single Fiber Lens Search. I. Four Thousand Spectroscopically Selected Galaxy-Galaxy Gravitational Lens Candidates

We present 4,110 strong gravitational lens candidates, 3,887 of which are new discoveries, selected from a sample of 5,837,154 luminous red galaxies (LRGs) observed with the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI). Candidates are…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2026-03-05 Juliana S. M. Karp , David J. Schlegel , Xiaosheng Huang , Nikhil Padmanabhan , Adam S. Bolton , Christopher J. Storfer , J. Aguilar , S. Ahlen , S. Bailey , D. Bianchi , D. Brooks , F. J. Castander , T. Claybaugh , A. Cuceu , A. de la Macorra , J. Della Costa , P. Doel , A. Font-Ribera , J. E. Forero-Romero , E. Gaztañaga , S. Gontcho A Gontcho , G. Gutierrez , K. Honscheid , M. Ishak , J. Jimenez , R. Joyce , S. Juneau , D. Kirkby , A. Kremin , C. Lamman , M. Landriau , L. Le Guillou , M. Manera , P. Martini , A. Meisner , R. Miquel , J. Moustakas , S. Nadathur , W. J. Percival , C. Poppett , F. Prada , I. Pérez-Ràfols , G. Rossi , E. Sanchez , M. Schubnell , D. Sprayberry , G. Tarlé , B. A. Weaver , R. Zhou , the DESI Collaboration

CSST Strong Lensing Preparation: Forecasting the galaxy-galaxy strong lensing population for the China Space Station Telescope

Galaxy-galaxy strong gravitational lensing (GGSL) is a powerful probe for the formation and evolution of galaxies and cosmology, while the sample size of GGSLs leads to considerable uncertainties and potential bias. The China Space Station…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2024-07-31 Xiaoyue Cao , Ran Li , Nan Li , Rui Li , Yun Chen , Keyi Ding , Huanyuan Shan , Hu Zhan , Xin Zhang , Wei Du , Shuo Cao

A model for galaxy-galaxy strong lensing statistics in surveys

Photometric wide-area observations in the next decade will be capable of detecting a large number of galaxy-scale strong gravitational lenses, increasing the gravitational lens sample size by orders of magnitude. To aid in forecasting and…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-07-02 Giovanni Ferrami , Stuart Wyithe

Strong gravitational lensing by multiple galaxies

We discuss strong gravitational lensing by multiple objects along any line of sight. The probability for strong gravitational lensing by more than one lens is small, but a number of strong lens systems in which more than one separate lens…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-06 Ole Moeller , A. W. Blain

The Sloan Lens ACS Survey. XII. Extending Strong Lensing to Lower Masses

We present observational results from a new Hubble Space Telescope (HST) Snapshot program to extend the methods of the Sloan Lens ACS (SLACS) Survey to lower lens-galaxy masses. We discover 40 new galaxy-scale strong lenses, which we…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-06-22 Yiping Shu , Adam S. Bolton , Joel R. Brownstein , Antonio D. Montero-Dorta , Léon V. E. Koopmans , Tommaso Treu , Raphaël Gavazzi , Matthew W. Auger , Oliver Czoske , Philip J. Marshall , Leonidas A. Moustakas

A New Window of Exploration in the Mass Spectrum: Strong Lensing by Galaxy Groups in the SL2S

The existence of strong lensing systems with Einstein radii (Re) covering the full mass spectrum, from ~1-2" (produced by galaxy scale dark matter haloes) to >10" (produced by galaxy cluster scale haloes) have long been predicted. Many…

Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-13 M. Limousin , R. Cabanac , R. Gavazzi , J. -P. Kneib , V. Motta , J. Richard , K. Thanjavur , G. Foex , R. Pello , D. Crampton , C. Faure , B. Fort , E. Jullo , P. Marshall , Y. Mellier , A. More , G. Soucail , S. Suyu , M. Swinbank , J. -F. Sygnet , H. Tu , D. Valls-Gabaud , T. Verdugo , J. Willis

Lensing galaxies: light or dark?

In a recent paper, Hawkins (1997) argues on the basis of statistical studies of double-image gravitational lenses and lens candidates that a large population of dark lenses exists and that these outnumber galaxies with more normal…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 N. Jackson , P. Helbig , I. W. A. Browne , C. D. Fassnacht , L. V. E. Koopmans , D. R. Marlow , P. N. Wilkinson

Models of gravitational lens candidates from Space Warps CFHTLS

We report modelling follow-up of recently-discovered gravitational-lens candidates in the Canada France Hawaii Telescope Legacy Survey. Lens modelling was done by a small group of specially-interested volunteers from the SpaceWarps…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2017-12-27 Rafael Küng , Prasenjit Saha , Ignacio Ferreras , Elisabeth Baeten , Jonathan Coles , Claude Cornen , Christine Macmillan , Phil Marshall , Anupreeta More , Lucy Oswald , Aprajita Verma , Julianne K. Wilcox

RELICS: Strong Lens Models for Five Galaxy Clusters From the Reionization Lensing Cluster Survey

Strong gravitational lensing by galaxy clusters magnifies background galaxies, enhancing our ability to discover statistically significant samples of galaxies at z>6, in order to constrain the high-redshift galaxy luminosity functions.…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2018-06-27 Catherine Cerny , Keren Sharon , Felipe Andrade-Santos , Roberto J. Avila , Marusa Bradac , Larry D. Bradley , Daniela Carrasco , Dan Coe , Nicole G. Czakon , William A. Dawson , Brenda L. Frye , Austin T. Hoag , Kuang-Han Huang , Traci L. Johnson , Christine Jones , Daniel Lam , Lorenzo Lovisari , Ramesh Mainali , Pascal A. Oesch , Sara Ogaz , Matthew Past , Rachel Paterno-Mahler , Avery Peterson , Adam G. Riess , Steven A. Rodney , Russell E. Ryan , Brett Salmon , Irene Sendra-Server , Daniel P. Stark , Louis-Gregory Strolger , Michele Trenti , Keiichi Umetsu , Benedetta Vulcani , Adi Zitrin

The Carousel Lens: A Well-Modeled Strong Lens with Multiple Lensed Sources

Over the past few years alone, the lensing community has discovered thousands of strong lens candidates, and spectroscopically confirmed hundreds of them. In this time of abundance, it becomes pragmatic to focus our time and resources on…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-05-16 William Sheu , Aleksandar Cikota , Xiaosheng Huang , Karl Glazebrook , Christopher Storfer , Shrihan Agarwal , David J. Schlegel , Nao Suzuki , Tania M. Barone , Fuyan Bian , Tesla Jeltema , Tucker Jones , Glenn G. Kacprzak , Jackson H. O'Donnell , Keerthi Vasan G. C

AtLAST -- A five fold increase in the number of identified Strongly Lensed Galaxies in the sub-millimetre and its consequences

Strong gravitational lensing is a powerful probe of cosmology, dark matter (DM), and high-redshift galaxy evolution, but current samples of strongly lensed galaxies (SLGs) remain far too small to exploit its full potential.…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-12-17 Joaquín González-Nuevo , Laura Bonavera , Juan Alberto Cano , David Crespo , Rebeca Fernández-Fernández , Valentina Franco , Marcos M. Cueli , José Manuel Casas , Tom J. L. C. Bakx