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It is predicted that sources emitting UV radiation in the Lyman band during the epoch of reionization (EoR) showed a series of discontinuities in their Ly-alpha flux radial profile as a consequence of the thickness of the Lyman line series…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-27 P. Vonlanthen , B. Semelin , S. Baek , Y. Revaz

Observations of 21-cm radio emission by neutral hydrogen at redshifts z ~ 0.5 to ~ 2.5 are expected to provide a sensitive probe of cosmic dark energy. This is particularly true around the onset of acceleration at z ~ 1, where traditional…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2010-07-22 Tzu-Ching Chang , Ue-Li Pen , Kevin Bandura , Jeffrey B. Peterson

Tomographic intensity mapping of the HI using the redshifted 21 cm observations opens up a new window towards our understanding of cosmological background evolution and structure formation. This is a key science goal of several upcoming…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2017-01-25 T. Guha Sarkar , K. K. Datta , A. K. Pal , T. Roy Choudhury , S. Bharadwaj

A measurement of the cosmological 21 cm signal remains a promising but as-of-yet unattained ambition of radio astronomy. A positive detection would provide direct observations of key unexplored epochs of our cosmic history, including the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-08-18 Morgan Presley , Adrian Liu , Aaron Parsons

We use cosmological simulations of reionization to predict the effect of large HII regions around individual high-redshift quasars on the possible signal from the redshifted 21cm line of neutral hydrogen in the pre-reionization era. We show…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 Katharina Kohler , Nickolay Y. Gnedin , Jordi Miralda-Escude , Peter A. Shaver

The redshifted 21-cm radiation from the atomic hydrogen (HI) provides an excellent direct probe to study the evolution of HI in IGM and thus reveal the nature of the first luminous objects, their evolution and role during Cosmic Dawn (CD)…

The redshifted 21 cm brightness distribution from neutral hydrogen is a promising probe into the cosmic dark ages, cosmic dawn, and re-ionization. LOFAR's Low Band Antennas (LBA) may be used in the frequency range 45 MHz to 85 MHz (30>z>16)…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-16 H. K. Vedantham , L. V. E. Koopmans , A. G. de Bruyn , S. J. Wijnholds , B. Ciardi , M. A. Brentjens

21cm emission from residual neutral hydrogen after the epoch of reionization can be used to trace the cosmological power spectrum of density fluctuations. Using a Fisher matrix formulation, we provide a detailed forecast of the constraints…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 Eli Visbal , Abraham Loeb , Stuart Wyithe

The post-recombination streaming of baryons through dark matter keeps baryons out of low mass (<10^6 solar masses) halos coherently on scales of a few comoving Mpc. It has been argued that this will have a large impact on the 21-cm signal…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2011-10-24 Jonathan M. Bittner , Abraham Loeb

The neutral hydrogen (HI) and its 21 cm line are promising probes to the reionization process of the intergalactic medium (IGM). To use this probe effectively, it is imperative to have a good understanding on how the neutral hydrogen traces…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2019-11-06 Wenxiao Xu , Yidong Xu , Bin Yue , Ilian T Iliev , Hy Trac , Liang Gao , Xuelei Chen

The 21-cm signal from neutral hydrogen serves as a critical tool for unraveling the astrophysical processes that shaped cosmic dawn and the epoch of reionization. We explore the usually overlooked impact of re-scattering of 21-cm photons…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2026-03-03 Sudipta Sikder , Rennan Barkana , Anastasia Fialkov

Measurements of the post-reionization 21-cm bispectrum $B_{{\rm HI}}(\mathbf{k_1},\mathbf{k_2},\mathbf{k_3})$ using various upcoming intensity mapping experiments hold the potential for determining the cosmological parameters at a high…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2019-10-16 Debanjan Sarkar , Suman Majumdar , Somnath Bharadwaj

Following our previous work, which related generic features in the sky-averaged (global) 21-cm signal to properties of the intergalactic medium, we now investigate the prospects for constraining a simple galaxy formation model with current…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-10-28 Jordan Mirocha , Geraint J. A. Harker , Jack O. Burns

During cosmic reionization, the 21-cm brightness fluctuations were highly non-Gaussian, and complementary statistics can be extracted from the distribution of pixel brightness temperatures that are not derivable from the 21-cm power…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2012-09-27 Tony Pan , Rennan Barkana

Observations of the redshifted 21-cm line during the Epoch of Reionization will open a new window to probe the intergalactic medium during the formation of the first stars, galaxies, and black holes. A particularly promising route to an…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-10-10 Kai-Feng Chen , Meredith Neyer , Jacqueline N. Hewitt , Aaron Smith , Mark Vogelsberger

One of the main challenges for future 21 cm observations is to remove foregrounds which are several orders of magnitude more intense than the HI signal. We propose a new technique for removing foregrounds of the redshifted 21 cm…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-04 Jungyeon Cho , A. Lazarian , P. Timbie

Redshifted 21cm-line signal from neutral hydrogens in the intergalactic medium (IGM) gives a direct probe of the epoch of reionization (EoR). In this paper, we investigate the potential of the variance and skewness of the probability…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2018-08-31 Kenji Kubota , Shintaro Yoshiura , Hayato Shimabukuro , Keitaro Takahashi

The redshifted 21 cm line is an emerging tool in cosmology, in principle permitting three-dimensional surveys of our Universe that reach unprecedentedly large volumes, previously inaccessible length scales, and hitherto unexplored epochs of…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2020-04-27 Adrian Liu , J. Richard Shaw

Interferometric experiments of the reionization era offer the advantages of measuring power in spatial modes with increased sensitivity afforded by multiple independent sky measurements. Here we review early work to measure this signal,…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2019-09-30 Cathryn M. Trott , Jonathan C. Pober

Observation of multifrequency angular power spectrum of the redshifted 21-cm brightness temperature fluctuation from the neutral hydrogen holds the key to understand the structure formation and its evolution during the reionization and…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-05-28 Saikat Gayen , Jais Kumar , Prasun Dutta , Khandakar Md Asif Elahi , Samir Choudhuri , Nirupam Roy