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Related papers: An x-ray probe of laser-aligned molecules

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Ultralow emittance ($\leq20$ nm, normalized) electron beams with $10^5$ electrons per bunch are obtained by tightly focusing an ultrafast ($\sim$ 100 fs) laser pulse on the cathode of a 1.6 cell radiofrequency photoinjector. Taking…

Accelerator Physics · Physics 2017-04-19 Jared Maxson , David Cesar , Giacomo Calmasini , Alexander Ody , Pietro Musumeci , David Alesini

Polar heavy-atom molecules have been well recognized as promising candidates for precision measurements and tests of fundamental physics. A much slower molecular beam to increase the interaction time should lead to a more sensitive…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2018-04-11 Yanning Yin , Supeng Xu , Meng Xia , Yong Xia , Jianping Yin

At laser intensities above 1023W/cm2 the interaction of a laser with a plasma is qualitatively different to the interactions at lower intensities. In this intensity regime solid targets start to become relativistically underdense, gamma-ray…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2015-06-18 C. S. Brady , C. P. Ridgers , T. D. Arber , A. R. Bell

Laser accelerated protons can be a complimentary source for treatment of oncological diseases to the existing hadron therapy facilities. We demonstrate how the protons, accelerated from near-critical density plasmas by laser pulses having…

An outstanding question in X-ray single particle imaging experiments has been the feasibility of imaging sub 10-nm-sized biomolecules under realistic experimental conditions where very few photons are expected to be measured in a single…

Sub-angstrom spatial resolution of electron density coupled with sub-femtosecond temporal resolution is required to directly observe the dynamics of the electronic structure of a molecule after photoinitiation or some other ultrafast…

Slow beams of neutral molecules are of great interest for a wide range of applications, from cold chemistry through precision measurements to tests of the foundations of quantum mechanics. We report on the quantitative observation of…

We resolve the real-time electric field of a femtosecond third-order nonlinear optical signal in the molecular frame. The electric field emitted by the induced third-order polarization from impulsively pre-aligned gas-phase molecules at…

We propose and experimentally prove efficient high-resolution electro-optic sampling measurement of broadband terahertz waveforms in a LiNbO$_3$ crystal in the configuration with the probe laser beam propagating along the optical axis of…

We report on the first absorption experiments of sub-10 fs high-contrast Ti:Sa laser pulses incident on solid targets. The very good contrast of the laser pulse assures the formation of a very small pre-plasma and the pulse interacts with…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 M. Cerchez , R. Jung , J. Osterholz , T. Toncian , O. Willi , P. Mulser , H. Ruhl

Proton acceleration by ultra-intense laser pulse irradiating a target with cross-section smaller than the laser spot size and connected to a parabolic density channel is investigated. The target splits the laser into two parallel…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2011-12-09 F. L. Zheng , S. Z. Wu , H. C. Wu , H. B. Cai , M. Y. Yu , T. Tajima , X. Q. Yan , X. T. He

Although high field laser-induced ionization is a fundamental process underlying many applications, there have been no absolute measurements of the nonlinear polarizability of atoms and molecules in the presence of ionization. Such…

Optics · Physics 2018-05-09 J. K. Wahlstrand , S. Zahedpour , A. Bahl , M. Kolesik , H. M. Milchberg

In simulations of a 10PW laser striking a solid we demonstrate the possibility of producing a pure electron-positron plasma by the same processes as those thought to operate in high-energy astrophysical environments. A maximum positron…

Since the advent of x-ray free-electron lasers (XFELs), considerable efforts have been devoted to achieve x-ray pulses with better temporal coherence. Here, we put forward a scheme to generate fully coherent x-ray lasers (XRLs) based on…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2018-01-09 Chunhai Lyu , Stefano M. Cavaletto , Christoph H. Keitel , Zoltán Harman

The measurement of peak laser intensities exceeding $10^{20} \text{W/cm$^2$}$ is in general a very challenging task. We suggest a simple method to accurately measure such high intensities up to about $10^{23} \text{W/cm$^2$}$, by colliding…

Optics · Physics 2012-04-12 Omri Har-Shemesh , Antonino Di Piazza

The generation of compact, high-energy ion beams is one of the most promising applications of intense laser-matter interactions, but the control of the beam spectral quality remains an outstanding challenge. We show that in radiation…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2022-06-22 H. -G. Jason Chou , Anna Grassi , Siegfried H. Glenzer , Frederico Fiuza

Experiments were performed to study electron acceleration by intense sub-picosecond laser pulses propagating in sub-mm long plasmas of near critical electron density (NCD). Low density foam layers of 300-500 um thickness were used as…

A magnetometric technique is demonstrated that may be suitable for precision measurements of fields ranging from the sub-microgauss level to above the Earth field. It is based on resonant nonlinear magneto-optical rotation caused by atoms…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2009-11-07 D. Budker , D. F. Kimball , V. V. Yashchuk , M. Zolotorev

We demonstrate a remarkably effective single-stage compression technique for ultrafast pulses in the visible electromagnetic spectrum using second-harmonic pulses at 515 nmderived from a 1030 nm Yb-based femtosecond regenerative amplifier.…

We present continued development of laterally graded multilayer mirrors (LGMLs) for a telescope design capable of measuring linear X-ray polarization over a broad spectral band. The multilayer-coated mirrors are used as Bragg reflectors at…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-22 Herman L. Marshall , Norbert S. Schulz , David L. Windt , Eric M. Gullikson , Eric Blake , Dan Getty , Zane McInturff