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Understanding the boundary between classical simulatability and the power of quantum computation is a fascinating topic. Direct simulation of noisy quantum computation requires solving an open quantum many-body system, which is very costly.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-10-09 Xun Gao , Luming Duan

The question of which and how a particular class of entangled resource states (known as graph states) can be used for measurement based quantum computation (MBQC) recently gave rise to the notion of Flow and its generalisation gFlow. That…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-11-15 Damian Markham , Elham Kashefi

Quantum circuit simulation is a challenging computational problem crucial for quantum computing research and development. The predominant approaches in this area center on tensor networks, prized for their better concurrency and less…

Tensor network states are an indispensable tool for the simulation of strongly correlated quantum many-body systems. In recent years, tree tensor network states (TTNS) have been successfully used for two-dimensional systems and to benchmark…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-23 Thomas Barthel

Classical and quantum states can be distinguished by entanglement entropy, which can be viewed as a measure of quantum resources. Entanglement entropy also plays a pivotal role in understanding computational complexity in simulating quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-09-26 Jiale Huang , Xiangjian Qian , Mingpu Qin

The simulation of quantum circuits using the tensor network method is very computationally demanding and requires significant High Performance Computing (HPC) resources to find an efficient contraction order and to perform the contraction…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2022-01-25 David Brayford , John Brennan , Momme Allalen , Kenneth Hanley , Luigi Iapichino , Lee ORiordan , Niall Moran

Tensor network algorithms have proven to be very powerful tools for studying one- and two-dimensional quantum many-body systems. However, their application to three-dimensional (3D) quantum systems has so far been limited, mostly because…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2021-05-26 Patrick C. G. Vlaar , Philippe Corboz

We address the question of efficient implementation of quantum protocols, with small communication and entanglement, and short depth circuit for encoding or decoding. We introduce two new methods to achieve this, the first method involving…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-08-23 Anurag Anshu , Rahul Jain

This paper uses a system theoretic approach to show that classical linear time invariant controllers cannot generate steady state entanglement in a bipartite Gaussian quantum system which is initialized in a Gaussian state. The paper also…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2012-01-04 H. I. Nurdin , I. R. Petersen , M. R. James

We study classical simulation of quantum computation, taking the Gottesman-Knill theorem as a starting point. We show how each Clifford circuit can be reduced to an equivalent, manifestly simulatable circuit (normal form). This provides a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-02-20 M. Van den Nest

Tensor networks establish an adaptable framework for the emulation of quantum circuits. By partitioning exponentially large registers and gates into smaller tensors, this unlocks fast transformations through tensor algebra, and grants fine…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-04-13 Jakub Adamski , Oliver Thomson Brown

This paper introduces the indigenous Quantum Network Simulator developed to simulate various quantum network protocols on classical machines. The paper specifically focuses on the simulation of entanglement generation between two quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-24 Sahana Dermal , Asvija Balasubramanyam , Gudapati Naresh Raghava

We consider a variation of the multi-party communication complexity scenario where the parties are supplied with an extra resource: particles in an entangled quantum state. We show that, although a prior quantum entanglement cannot be used…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Harry Buhrman , Richard Cleve , Wim van Dam

We investigate the boundary between classical and quantum computational power. This work consists of two parts. First we develop new classical simulation algorithms that are centered on sampling methods. Using these techniques we generate…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-02-20 M. Van den Nest

A common requirement of quantum simulations and algorithms is the preparation of complex states through sequences of 2-qubit gates. For a generic quantum state, the number of gates grows exponentially with the number of qubits, becoming…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-07-08 Matan Ben Dov , David Shnaiderov , Adi Makmal , Emanuele G. Dalla Torre

Owing to the computational complexity of electronic structure algorithms running on classical digital computers, the range of molecular systems amenable to simulation remains tightly circumscribed even after many decades of work. Quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-05-18 Alexis Ralli , Michael I. Williams , Peter V. Coveney

Quantum Computing (QC) stands to revolutionize computing, but is currently still limited. To develop and test quantum algorithms today, quantum circuits are often simulated on classical computers. Simulating a complex quantum circuit…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-04-21 Eli A. Meirom , Haggai Maron , Shie Mannor , Gal Chechik

We determine the mass gap of a two-dimensional $O(3)$ nonlinear sigma model augmented with a topological $\theta$-term using tensor network and digital quantum algorithms. As proof of principle, we consider the example $\theta = \pi$ and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-04-12 Jack Y. Araz , Sebastian Schenk , Michael Spannowsky

With the rapid progress in quantum hardware and software, the need for verification of quantum systems becomes increasingly crucial. While model checking is a dominant and very successful technique for verifying classical systems, its…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-03-07 Xin Hong , Dingchao Gao , Sanjiang Li , Shenggang Ying , Mingsheng Ying

It is generally believed that entanglement is essential for quantum computing. We present here a few simple examples in which quantum computing without entanglement is better than anything classically achievable, in terms of the reliability…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Eli Biham , Gilles Brassard , Dan Kenigsberg , Tal Mor