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The Blandford-Znajek (BZ) mechanism describes a physical process for the energy extraction from a spinning black hole (BH), which is believed to power a great variety of astrophysical sources, such as active galactic nuclei (AGNs) and Gamma…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-06-24 Zhen Pan , Cong Yu

The Blandford-Znajek monopole is a conjectured solution of force-free electrodynamics in the vicinity of a slowly rotating Kerr black hole, supposedly defined as a perturbation in small angular momentum. It is used to argue for the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2018-11-07 Gianluca Grignani , Troels Harmark , Marta Orselli

The Blandford and Znajek (BZ) split-monopole serves as an important theoretical example of the mechanism that can drive the electromagnetic extraction of energy from Kerr black holes. It is constructed as a perturbative low spin solution of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-07-22 Filippo Camilloni , Oscar J. C. Dias , Gianluca Grignani , Troels Harmark , Roberto Oliveri , Marta Orselli , Andrea Placidi , Jorge E. Santos

The Blandford-Znajek mechanism is the continuous extraction of energy from a rotating black hole via plasma currents flowing on magnetic field lines threading the horizon. In the discovery paper, Blandford and Znajek demonstrated the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2020-04-07 Jay Armas , Yangyang Cai , Geoffrey Compére , David Garfinkle , Samuel E. Gralla

As a complementary or companion process to the Blandford-Znajek mechanism for the rotational energy extraction from a Kerr black hole to serve as a viable model for the central engine of quasar, AGN and even GRB, the magnetic alignment…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 Hongsu Kim , Hyun Kyu Lee , Chul H. Lee

According to the Blandford-Znajek mechanism, black hole jets are powered by the rotational energy of the compact object. In this work, we consider the possibility that the metric around black holes may not be described by the Kerr solution…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2016-10-04 Guancheng Pei , Sourabh Nampalliwar , Cosimo Bambi , Matthew J. Middleton

We consider the Blandford-Znajek process of electromagnetic extraction of energy from a general axially symmetric asymptotically flat slowly rotating black hole. Using the general parametrization of the black-hole spacetime we construct…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-12-03 R. A. Konoplya , J. Kunz , A. Zhidenko

The possibility of extracting energy from a rotating black hole via the Blandford-Znajek mechanism represents a cornerstone of relativistic astrophysics. We present general-relativistic collisionless kinetic simulations of Kerr black-hole…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-09-19 Claudio Meringolo , Filippo Camilloni , Luciano Rezzolla

Blandford-Znajek (BZ) mechanism describes a process extracting rotation energy from a spinning black hole (BH) via magnetic field lines penetrating the event horizon of central BH. In this paper, we present a perturbation approach to study…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-10-14 Zhen Pan , Cong Yu

We investigate the possibility that gamma-ray bursts are powered by a central engine consisting of a black hole with an external magnetic field supported by a surrounding disk or torus. The rotational energy of the black hole can be…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Hyun Kyu Lee , R. A. M. J. Wijers , G. E. Brown

The Blandford-Znajek mechanism is an electromagnetic manifestation of the Penrose process that currently constitutes the best theoretical candidate to explain the launching of relativistic jets by black holes. In this talk we offer a modern…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-11-14 F. Camilloni

Several issues regarding the Blandford-Znajek process are discussed to demonstrate that it can be an effective mechanism for powering the gamma ray bursts. Using a simple circuit analysis it is argued that the disk power increases the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-31 Hyun Kyu Lee , G. E. Brown , R. A. M. J. Wijers

The Blandford-Znajek process, which uses a magnetized plasma to extract energy from a rotating black hole, is one of the leading candidates for powering relativistic jets. In this work, we investigate the Blandford-Znajek process in two…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-02-07 Jameson Dong , Nicolás Patiño , Yiqi Xie , Alejandro Cárdenas-Avendaño , Charles F. Gammie , Nicolás Yunes

The Blandford-Znajek (BZ) mechanism is widely recognised as the most compelling process to extract rotational energy from an accreting black hole and power the emission of relativistic jets. We explore the universality of this process for…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-03-02 Filippo Camilloni , Luciano Rezzolla

In this lecture I give an introduction to the rotational energy extraction of black holes by the electromagnetic Blandford-Znajek process and the generation of relativistic jets. After some basic material on the electrodynamics of black…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-06-23 Norbert Straumann

We investigate the possibility that gamma-ray bursts are powered by a central engine consisting of a black hole with an external magnetic field anchored in a surrounding disk or torus. The energy source is then the rotation of the black…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-31 H. K. Lee , R. A. M. J. Wijers , G. E. Brown

One of the leading mechanisms powering relativistic black hole jets is the Blandford-Znajek (BZ) process. Inspired by its success we construct energy extracting models for black holes in five space-time dimensions. Here, we find solutions…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2022-11-09 Alexandra Chanson , Maria J. Rodriguez

We study the metric backreaction of mass and angular momentum accretion on black holes. We first develop the formalism of monopole and dipole linear gravitational perturbations around the Schwarzschild black holes in the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-10-20 Masashi Kimura , Tomohiro Harada , Atsushi Naruko , Kenji Toma

In the presence of a magnetic field, rotational energy can be extracted from black holes via the Blandford-Znajek mechanism. We use self-similar advection dominated accretion (ADAF) models to estimate the efficiency of this mechanism for…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-31 Philip J. Armitage , Priyamvada Natarajan

In this paper, we investigate the Blandford-Znajek (BZ) process within the framework of Einsteinian cubic gravity (ECG). To analytically study the BZ process using the split monopole configuration, we construct a slowly rotating black hole…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-05-30 Jun Peng , Xing-Hui Feng
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