Related papers: Direct Measurements, Acceleration and Propagation …
One of the fundamental issues in cosmic ray physics is to explain the nature of cosmic ray acceleration and propagation mechanisms. Thanks to the precise cosmic ray data measured by recent space experiments, we are able to investigate the…
How and where cosmic rays are produced, and how they diffuse through various turbulent media, represent fundamental problems in astrophysics with far reaching implications, both in terms of our theoretical understanding of high-energy…
More than 100 years after the discovery of cosmic rays and various experimental efforts, the origin of ultra-high energy cosmic rays (E > 100 PeV) remains unclear. The understanding of production and propagation effects of these highest…
This Conference is the fifth of a series of Workshops on High Energy Gamma- ray Experiments, following the Conferences held in Perugia 2003, Bari 2004, Cividale del Friuli 2005, Elba Island 2006. This year the focus was on the use of…
Cosmic rays, along with stellar radiation and magnetic fields, are known to make up a significant fraction of the energy density of galaxies such as the Milky Way. When cosmic rays interact in the interstellar medium, they produce gamma-ray…
Recent results from the KASCADE experiment on measurements of cosmic rays in the energy range of the knee are presented. Emphasis is placed on energy spectra of individual mass groups as obtained from sophisticated unfolding procedures…
The Roma International Conference on Astroparticle Physics covered gamma-ray astronomy, air shower experiments and neutrino astronomy on three successive days. I organize my brief summary comments into four topics that cut across these…
Over the last decade, cosmological observations have attained a level of precision which allows for detailed comparison with theoretical predictions. In this paper, we briefly review some studies of the current and prospected constraints…
Observations of light isotopes in cosmic rays provide valuable information on their origin and propagation in the Galaxy. Using the data collected by the AMS-01 experiment in the range ~0.2-1.5 GeV/nucleon, we compare the measurements on…
The general features of the cosmic-ray spectrum have been known for a long time. Although the basic approaches to understanding cosmic-ray propagation and acceleration have also been well understood for many years, there are several…
Aims: $\gamma$ rays can be used as a tracer in the search of sources of Galactic cosmic rays (CRs). We present deep observations of the Galactic Centre (GC) region with the MAGIC telescopes, which we use for inferring the underlying CR…
The observations of the total electronic component and the positron fraction in cosmic rays by the FERMI, HESS, ATIC, and PAMELA instruments are studied with analytical propagation models, both for a set of discrete sources and for a…
We discuss two extraordinary increases of cosmic ray intensity observed by Voyager 1 in the last 1.1 AU before heliopause crossing, Aug 2012 at 121.7 AU. The two increases are roughly similar in amplitude and result in a total increase of…
These lectures address the effects of Cosmic Rays over macro-instabilities which develop in the interstellar medium and the micro-instabilities the particles are able to trigger themselves. The lectures are centered on the derivation of…
The status of the observations of Ultra High Energy Cosmic Rays will be reviewed, focusing on the the latest results of HiRes and Auger observatories. A comprehensive analytical computation scheme to compute the expected UHECR spectrum on…
Gamma rays constitute a privileged point of view for the study of the extreme Universe. Unlike charged cosmic rays, which are thought to have a common origin, gamma rays are not deflected by galactic and intergalactic magnetic fields. This…
The accelerating expansion of the universe is the most surprising cosmological discovery in many decades, implying that the universe is dominated by some form of "dark energy" with exotic physical properties, or that Einstein's theory of…
The rate of terrestrial irradiation events by galactic gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) is estimated using recent standard-energy results. We assume that GRBs accelerate high-energy cosmic rays, and present results of three-dimensional simulations…
We show the necessity for a new approach towards comprehensive and consistent simulations of the propagation of galactic cosmic rays. Our developments are optimised for addressing the spatially 3-dimensional inhomogeneous diffusion problem…
Gamma-Ray Bursts (GRBs) are the brightest sources in the universe, emit mostly in the hard X-ray energy band and have been detected at redshifts up to ~8.1. Thus, they are in principle very powerful probes for cosmology. I shortly review…