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We consider splittings of groups over finite and two-ended subgroups. We study the combinatorics of such splittings using generalisations of Whitehead graphs. In the case of hyperbolic groups, we relate this to the topology of the boundary.…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2016-09-07 B. H. Bowditch

In this article, we initiate a geometric study of graph braid groups. More precisely, by applying the formalism of special colorings introduced in a previous article, we determine precisely when a graph braid group is Gromov-hyperbolic,…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2019-12-24 Anthony Genevois

Regular algebraic surfaces isogenous to a higher product of curves can be obtained from finite groups with ramification structures. We find unmixed ramification structures for finite groups constructed as p-quotients of particular infinite…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2011-09-29 Nathan Barker , Nigel Boston , Norbert Peyerimhoff , Alina Vdovina

We show that surface groups are flexibly stable in permutations. This is the first non-trivial example of a non-amenable flexibly stable group. Our method is purely geometric and relies on an analysis of branched covers of hyperbolic…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2025-01-10 Nir Lazarovich , Arie Levit , Yair Minsky

Let M be a graph manifold. We prove that fundamental groups of embedded incompressible surfaces in M are separable in the fundamental group of M, and that the double cosets for crossing surfaces are also separable. We deduce that if there…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2014-01-17 Piotr Przytycki , Daniel T. Wise

We construct explicit families of quasi-hyperbolic and hyperbolic surfaces. This is based on earlier work of Vojta, and the recent expansion and generalization of it by the first author. In this paper we further extend it to the singular…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2018-04-23 Natalia Garcia-Fritz , Giancarlo Urzúa

Given a surface, the fine $k$-curve graph of the surface is a graph whose vertices are simple closed essential curves and whose edges connect curves that intersect in at most $k$ points. We note that the fine $k$-curve graph is hyperbolic…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2025-02-03 Roberta Shapiro

In this paper, we provide upper and lower bounds on the crossing numbers of dense graphs on surfaces, which match up to constant factors. First, we prove that if $G$ is a dense enough graph with $m$ edges and $\Sigma$ is a surface of genus…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-06-12 Alfredo Hubard , Arnaud de Mesmay , Hugo Parlier

A hyperbolic group acts by homeomorphisms on its Gromov boundary. We show that if this boundary is a topological n-sphere the action is topologically stable in the dynamical sense: any nearby action is semi-conjugate to the standard…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2023-08-21 Kathryn Mann , Jason Fox Manning

A non-separating multicurve of a surface S of genus g with m punctures is a multicurve c so that S-c is connected. For k>0 define the graph of non-separting k-multicurves to be the graph whose vertices are non-separating multicurves with k…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2013-10-01 Ursula Hamenstaedt

Given a topological cell decomposition of a closed surface equipped with edge weights, we consider the Dirichlet energy of any geodesic realization of the 1-skeleton graph to a hyperbolic surface. By minimizing the energy over all possible…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2024-05-06 Wai Yeung Lam

This paper focuses on using the theory of bicorn curves in the context of closed surfaces to understand hyperbolic phenomena of the curve graphs of those surfaces. We prove that the curve graph of any closed surface is 15-hyperbolic with…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2025-12-12 Takuya Katayama , Erika Kuno

We construct examples of free-by-cyclic hyperbolic groups which fiber in infinitely many ways over Z. The construction involves adding a specialized square 2-cell to a non-positively curved, squared 2-complex defined by labeled oriented…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2014-11-11 TaraLee Mecham , Antara Mukherjee

The fine curve graph was introduced to study homeomorphism group of surfaces. In this paper we study the topology of the Gromov boundary of this graph for closed surfaces with higher genus. We first prove a bounded geodesic image theorem…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2025-03-04 Yusen Long , Dong Tan

A construction of a spatial graph from a strongly invertible knot was developed by the second author, and a necessary and sufficient condition for the given spatial graph to be hyperbolic was provided as well. The condition is improved in…

General Topology · Mathematics 2007-11-05 Kazuhiro Ichihara , Akira Ushijima

We prove that hyperbolic groups with logarithmic separation profiles split over cyclic groups. This shows that such groups can be inductively built from Fuchsian groups and free groups by amalgamations and HNN extensions over finite or…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2025-03-12 Nir Lazarovich , Corentin Le Coz

A connected graph is called \emph{geodetic} if there is a unique geodesic between each pair of vertices. In this paper we prove that if a finitely generated group admits a Cayley graph which is geodetic, then the group must be virtually…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2024-12-17 Murray Elder , Giles Gardam , Adam Piggott , Davide Spriano , Kane Townsend

Hierarchically hyperbolic spaces provide a common framework for studying mapping class groups of finite type surfaces, Teichm\"uller space, right-angled Artin groups, and many other cubical groups. Given such a space $\mathcal X$, we build…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2018-03-16 Matthew G. Durham , Mark F. Hagen , Alessandro Sisto

In this paper we consider a large family of graphs of hierarchically hyperbolic groups (HHG) and show that their fundamental groups admit HHG structures. To do that, we will investigate the notion of hierarchical quasi convexity and show…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2018-01-08 Davide Spriano

Graphs that are squares under the gluing algebra arise in the study of homomorphism density inequalities such as Sidorenko's conjecture. Recent work has focused on these homomorphism density applications. This paper takes a new perspective…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-10-08 Karen L. Collins , David Galvin , Christine A. Kelley , Emily McMillon , Amanda Redlich