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We consider words as a network of interacting letters, and approximate the probability distribution of states taken on by this network. Despite the intuition that the rules of English spelling are highly combinatorial (and arbitrary), we…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2025-02-13 Greg J. Stephens , William Bialek

The dictionary matching problem preprocesses a set of patterns and finds all occurrences of each of the patterns in a text when it is provided. We focus on the dynamic setting, in which patterns can be inserted to and removed from the…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2013-02-04 Shoshana Marcus , Dina Sokol

We study the distribution and the popularity of some patterns in $k$-ary faro words, i.e. words over the alphabet $\{1, 2, \ldots, k\}$ obtained by interlacing the letters of two nondecreasing words of lengths differing by at most one. We…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-05-19 Jean-Luc Baril , Alexander Burstein , Sergey Kirgizov

The topic of this paper is the distributed and incremental generation of long executions of concurrent systems, uniformly or more generally with weights associated to elementary actions. Synchronizing sequences of letters on alphabets…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2017-04-27 Samy Abbes

In this paper we will look at the distribution with which passwords are chosen. Zipf's Law is commonly observed in lists of chosen words. Using password lists from four different on-line sources, we will investigate if Zipf's law is a good…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2015-09-02 David Malone , Kevin Maher

Density Ratio Estimation has attracted attention from the machine learning community due to its ability to compare the underlying distributions of two datasets. However, in some applications, we want to compare distributions of random…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-06-26 Song Liu , Yulong Zhang , Mingxuan Yi , Mladen Kolar

We consider string matching with variable length gaps. Given a string $T$ and a pattern $P$ consisting of strings separated by variable length gaps (arbitrary strings of length in a specified range), the problem is to find all ending…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2011-10-14 Philip Bille , Inge Li Goertz , Hjalte Wedel Vildhøj , David Kofoed Wind

Traditional linguistic theories have largely regard language as a formal system composed of rigid rules. However, their failures in processing real language, the recent successes in statistical natural language processing, and the findings…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-12-02 Shuiyuan Yu , Chunshan Xu , Haitao Liu

It is shown that for finding rational approximates to m'th root of any integer to any accuracy one only needs the ability to count and to distinguish between m different classes of objects. To every integer N can be associated a…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Ashok Kumar Gupta , Ashok Kumar Mittal

Latent semantic representations of words or paragraphs, namely the embeddings, have been widely applied to information retrieval (IR). One of the common approaches of utilizing embeddings for IR is to estimate the document-to-query (D2Q)…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2017-08-11 Chenhao Yang , Ben He , Yanhua Ran

Adaptations of features commonly applied in the field of visual computing, co-occurrence matrix (COM) and run-length matrix (RLM), are proposed for the similarity computation of strings in general (words, phrases, codes and texts). The…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-15 E. O. Rodrigues , D. Casanova , M. Teixeira , V. Pegorini , F. Favarim , E. Clua , A. Conci , Panos Liatsis

In many empirical studies of a large two-sided matching market (such as in a college admissions problem), the researcher performs statistical inference under the assumption that they observe a random sample from a large matching market. In…

Econometrics · Economics 2024-04-02 Jacob Schwartz , Kyungchul Song

The probabilistic graphs framework models the uncertainty inherent in real-world domains by means of probabilistic edges whose value quantifies the likelihood of the edge existence or the strength of the link it represents. The goal of this…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2012-05-25 Claudio Taranto , Nicola Di Mauro , Floriana Esposito

We study strategies of approximate pattern matching that exploit bidirectional text indexes, extending and generalizing ideas of Lam et al. We introduce a formalism, called search schemes, to specify search strategies of this type, then…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2015-09-08 Gregory Kucherov , Kamil Salikhov , Dekel Tsur

Overlapping frequently occurs in paired texts in natural language processing tasks like text editing and semantic similarity evaluation. Better evaluation of the semantic distance between the overlapped sentences benefits the language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-14 Letian Peng , Zuchao Li , Hai Zhao

Motivated by real-world machine learning applications, we analyze approximations to the non-asymptotic fundamental limits of statistical classification. In the binary version of this problem, given two training sequences generated according…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2018-12-07 Lin Zhou , Vincent Y. F. Tan , Mehul Motani

We study a new class of networks, generated by sequences of letters taken from a finite alphabet consisting of $m$ letters (corresponding to $m$ types of nodes) and a fixed set of connectivity rules. Recently, it was shown how a binary…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2009-02-17 Jie Sun , Takashi Nishikawa , Daniel ben-Avraham

Matching statistics were introduced to solve the approximate string matching problem, which is a recurrent subroutine in bioinformatics applications. In 2010, Ohlebusch et al. [SPIRE 2010] proposed a time and space efficient algorithm for…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2023-01-16 Alessio Conte , Nicola Cotumaccio , Travis Gagie , Giovanni Manzini , Nicola Prezza , Marinella Sciortino

We study the classical approximate string matching problem, that is, given strings $P$ and $Q$ and an error threshold $k$, find all ending positions of substrings of $Q$ whose edit distance to $P$ is at most $k$. Let $P$ and $Q$ have…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2011-03-21 Philip Bille

Approximate pattern matching is a natural and well-studied problem on strings: Given a text $T$, a pattern $P$, and a threshold $k$, find (the starting positions of) all substrings of $T$ that are at distance at most $k$ from $P$. We…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-11-17 Panagiotis Charalampopoulos , Tomasz Kociumaka , Philip Wellnitz
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