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The present article is an exposition of a theory of discrete convex functions on certain graph structures, developed by the author in recent years. This theory is a spin-off of discrete convex analysis by Murota, and is motivated by…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2017-09-08 Hiroshi Hirai

The Union Closed Sets Conjecture is one of the most renowned problems in combinatorics. Its appeal lies in the simplicity of its statement contrasted with the potential complexity of its resolution. The conjecture posits that, in any union…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-10-02 Nived J M

We introduce a new combinatorial abstraction for the graphs of polyhedra. The new abstraction is a flexible framework defined by combinatorial properties, with each collection of properties taken providing a variant for studying the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2012-11-02 Edward D. Kim

Machine learning on graphs, especially using graph neural networks (GNNs), has seen a surge in interest due to the wide availability of graph data across a broad spectrum of disciplines, from life to social and engineering sciences. Despite…

Graph rigidity theory studies the capability of a graph embedded in the Euclidean space to constrain its global geometric shape via local constraints among nodes and edges, and has been widely exploited in network localization and formation…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-06-05 Jinpeng Huang , Gangshan Jing

In this paper we prove tight bounds on the combinatorial and topological complexity of sets defined in terms of $n$ definable sets belonging to some fixed definable family of sets in an o-minimal structure. This generalizes the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2014-02-26 Saugata Basu

In this article we are introducing combinatorial spectra of graphs, this is a generalization of $H$-Hamiltonian spectra. The main motivation was to made from $H$-Hamiltonian spectra an operation and develop some algebra in this field. An…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-11-21 Martin Dzúrik

Many combinatorial optimization problems can be phrased in the language of constraint satisfaction problems. We introduce a graph neural network architecture for solving such optimization problems. The architecture is generic; it works for…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-02-12 Jan Toenshoff , Martin Ritzert , Hinrikus Wolf , Martin Grohe

We characterise rigid graphs for cylindrical normed spaces $Z=X\oplus_\infty \mathbb{R}$ where $X$ is a finite dimensional real normed linear space and $Z$ is endowed with the product norm. In particular, we obtain purely combinatorial…

Metric Geometry · Mathematics 2023-05-16 Sean Dewar , Derek Kitson

The combination of the group ring setting with the methods of character theory allows an elegant and powerful analysis of various combinatorial structures, via their character sums. These combinatorial structures include difference sets,…

History and Overview · Mathematics 2023-02-13 Jonathan Jedwab , Shuxing Li

We describe recent achievements in the theory of weight systems, which are functions on chord diagrams satisfying so-called $4$-term relations. Our main attention is devoted to constructions of weight systems. The two main sources of these…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-02-24 Maxim Kazaryan , Sergei Lando

A generic method for combinatorial constructions of intrinsic geometrical spaces is presented. It is based on the well known inverse sequences of finite graphs that determine (in the limit) topological spaces. If a pattern of the…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2020-10-09 Stanislaw Ambroszkiewicz

We introduce new types of local algorithms, which we call "ASI Algorithms", and use them to demonstrate a link between descriptive and computable combinatorics. This allows us to unify arguments from the two fields, and also sometimes to…

Logic · Mathematics 2022-06-20 Long Qian , Felix Weilacher

We enumerate the connected graphs that contain a number of edges growing linearly with respect to the number of vertices. So far, only the first term of the asymptotics and a bound on the error were known. Using analytic combinatorics, ie…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-10-12 Elie de Panafieu

We prove several results from different areas of extremal combinatorics, giving complete or partial solutions to a number of open problems. These results, coming from areas such as extremal graph theory, Ramsey theory and additive…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2013-08-26 David Conlon , Jacob Fox , Benny Sudakov

In structural rigidity, one studies frameworks of bars and joints in Euclidean space. Such a framework is an articulated structure consisting of rigid bars, joined together at joints around which the bars may rotate. In this paper, we will…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-08-28 Joannes Vermant , Klara Stokes

Inspired by asymptotically flat manifolds, we introduce the concept of asymptotically flat graphs and define the discrete ADM mass on them. We formulate the discrete positive mass conjecture based on the scalar curvature in the sense of…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2024-02-20 Bobo Hua , Florentin Münch , Haohang Zhang

In recent work, the authors developed a simple method of constructing topological spaces from certain well-behaved partially ordered sets -- those coming from sequences of relations between finite sets. This method associates a given poset…

General Topology · Mathematics 2025-09-11 Adam Bartoš , Tristan Bice , Alessandro Vignati

A natural problem in combinatorial rigidity theory concerns the determination of the rigidity or flexibility of bar-joint frameworks in $\mathbb{R}^d$ that admit some non-trivial symmetry. When $d=2$ there is a large literature on this…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-09-30 Sean Dewar , Georg Grasegger , Eleftherios Kastis , Anthony Nixon

We review and extend the recently proposed model of combinatorial quantum gravity. Contrary to previous discrete approaches, this model is defined on (regular) random graphs and is driven by a purely combinatorial version of Ricci…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2020-01-08 C. Kelly , C. A. Trugenberger