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The multistate Bennett Acceptance Ratio is provably the lowest variance unbiased estimator of both free energies and ensemble averages, and has a number of important advantages over previous methods, such as WHAM. Despite its advantages,…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2017-12-20 Michael R. Shirts

The multistate Bennett acceptance ratio (MBAR) method is a prevalent approach for computing free energies of thermodynamic states. In this work, we introduce BayesMBAR, a Bayesian generalization of the MBAR method. By integrating…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2024-02-16 Xinqiang Ding

Free energy calculations based on atomistic Hamiltonians provide microscopic insight into the thermodynamic driving forces of biophysical or condensed matter systems. Many approaches use intermediate Hamiltonians interpolating between the…

Computational Physics · Physics 2021-12-08 Martin Reinhardt , Helmut Grubmüller

The dynamics of molecules are governed by rare event transitions between long-lived (metastable) states. To explore these transitions efficiently, many enhanced sampling protocols have been introduced that involve using simulations with…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2022-09-30 Maaike M. Galama , Hao Wu , Andreas Krämer , Mohsen Sadeghi , Frank Noé

Computing the equilibrium properties of complex systems, such as free energy differences, is often hampered by rare events in the dynamics. Enhanced sampling methods may be used in order to speed up sampling by, for example, using high…

Computational Physics · Physics 2015-02-11 Antonia S. J. S. Mey , Hao Wu , Frank Noé

Multiple sampling strategies commonly used in molecular dynamics, such as umbrella sampling and alchemical free energy methods, involve sampling from multiple thermodynamic states. Commonly, the data are then recombined to construct…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2023-06-14 Xiang Sherry Li , Brian Van Koten , Aaron R. Dinner , Erik H. Thiede

Free energy difference calculations based on atomistic simulations generally improve in accuracy when sampling from a sequence of intermediate equilibrium thermodynamic states that bridge the configuration space between two states of…

Computational Physics · Physics 2020-10-21 Martin Reinhardt , Helmut Grubmüller

We show how thermodynamic properties of molecular models can be computed over a large, multidimensional parameter space by combining multistate reweighting analysis with a linear basis function approach. This approach reduces the…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2016-05-18 Levi N. Naden , Michael R. Shirts

We introduce a method to compute the reweighted path ensemble by combining transition interface sampling simulations conditioned on different collective variables. The approach is based on the Multistate Bennett Acceptance Ratio (MBAR)…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2026-04-20 Rik S. Breebaart , Peter G. Bolhuis

Free energy calculations based on atomistic Hamiltonians and sampling are key to a first principles understanding of biomolecular processes, material properties, and macromolecular chemistry. Here, we generalize the Free Energy Perturbation…

Computational Physics · Physics 2023-07-19 Martin Reinhardt , Helmut Grubmüller

We derive the optimal estimates of the free energies of an arbitrary number of thermodynamic states from nonequilibrium work measurements; the work data are collected from forward and reverse switching processes and obey a fluctuation…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-11-11 Paul Maragakis , Martin Spichty , Martin Karplus

Recently discovered identities in statistical mechanics have enabled the calculation of equilibrium ensemble averages from realizations of driven nonequilibrium processes, including single-molecule pulling experiments and analogous computer…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2011-11-21 David D. L. Minh , John D. Chodera

Free energies are fundamental quantities governing phase behavior and thermodynamic stability in polymer systems, yet their accurate computation often requires extensive simulations and post-processing techniques such as the Bennett…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2026-03-19 Ian Chen , Alfredo Alexander-Katz

The nonequilibrium work fluctuation theorem provides the way for calculations of (equilibrium) free energy based on work measurements of nonequilibrium, finite-time processes and their reversed counterparts by applying Bennett's acceptance…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2010-04-26 Aljoscha M. Hahn , Holger Then

We consider the problem of estimating the energy of a quantum state preparation for a given Hamiltonian in Pauli decomposition. For various quantum algorithms, in particular in the context of quantum chemistry, it is crucial to have energy…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-08-20 Alexander Gresch , Uğur Tepe , Martin Kliesch

When studying high-dimensional dynamical systems such as macromolecules, quantum systems and polymers, a prime concern is the identification of the most probable states and their stationary probabilities or free energies. Often, these…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2013-01-01 Hao Wu , Frank Noé

Ensuring a satisfactory statistical convergence of anharmonic thermodynamic properties requires sampling of many atomic configurations, however the methods to obtain those necessarily produce correlated samples, thereby reducing the…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2022-06-07 Erki Metsanurk

Free energy of crystal phases is commonly evaluated by thermodynamic integration (TDI) along a reversible path that involves an external potential. A persistent problem in this method is that a significant hysteresis is observed due to…

Materials Science · Physics 2010-02-27 Pankaj A. Apte

This paper presents a consensus algorithm for a multi-agent system where each agent has access to its imperfect own state and neighboring state measurements. The measurements are subject to deterministic disturbances and the proposed…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2014-09-22 Mohammad Zamani , Iman Shames , Valery Ugrinovskii

Many enhanced sampling techniques rely on the identification of a number of collective variables that describe all the slow modes of the system. By constructing a bias potential in this reduced space one is then able to sample efficiently…

Computational Physics · Physics 2019-03-05 Michele Invernizzi , Michele Parrinello
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