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The first part of this chapter gives an introduction to heat transfer and cooling techniques at low temperature. We review the fundamental laws of heat transfer (conduction, convection and radiation) and give useful data specific to…

Accelerator Physics · Physics 2015-01-29 B Baudouy

A non-reciprocal phonon model for microwave or optical isolators is considered. It gives a simpler framework to further investigate the formerly argued possibility for a heat transfer between black bodies at common temperatures. While the…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2007-05-23 Alejandro Cabo Montes de Oca

Near-field radiative heat transfer is investigated in composite media including nanoparticles. By modeling pair interactions only, the effective thermal conductivity due to near field radiation is calculated based on a thermal nodes model.…

Materials Science · Physics 2008-12-18 Sebastian Volz , Gilberto Domingues

We analyze the heat transfer between two nanoparticles separated by a distance lying in the near-field domain in which energy interchange is due to Coulomb interactions. The thermal conductance is computed by assuming that the particles…

Materials Science · Physics 2008-04-18 Agustin Pérez-Madrid , José M. Rubí , Luciano C. Lapas

As spin-based quantum processors grow in size and complexity, maintaining high fidelities and minimizing crosstalk will be essential for the successful implementation of quantum algorithms and error-correction protocols. In particular,…

Miniature heaters are immersed in flows of quantum fluid and the efficiency of heat transfer is monitored versus velocity, superfluid fraction and time. The fluid is $^4$He helium with a superfluid fraction varied from 71% down to 0% and an…

Understanding the interplay between illumination and the electron distribution in metallic nanostructures is a crucial step towards developing applications such as plasmonic photo-catalysis for green fuels, nano-scale photo-detection and…

Optics · Physics 2019-07-23 Yonatan Dubi , Yonatan Sivan

Time modulation opens new avenues for light, heat control, and energy harvesting, yet the impact of nonequilibrium dynamics of microscopic particles remains largely unexplored. We develop a microscopic theory to describe radiative heat…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2025-07-03 Hui Pan , Yuhua Ren , Gaomin Tang , Jian-Sheng Wang

We develop a theory of heat transfer induced by thermal charge fluctuations in two-dimensional electron double layers. We consider pristine systems comprised of identical layers, and focus on the regime of sufficiently high temperatures and…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2023-08-21 Dmitry Zverevich , A. V. Andreev , Alex Levchenko

With spintronics applications in mind, we use irreversible thermodynamics to derive the rates of entropy production and heating near an interface when heat current, electric current, and spin current cross it. Associated with these currents…

Materials Science · Physics 2015-05-30 Matthew R. Sears , Wayne M. Saslow

Granular flows with solid particles play an important role in energy and catalysis applications. To predict thermal performance, this study develops a comprehensive discrete particle tracking flow model fully coupled with conductive and…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2024-03-22 Bingjia Li , Zijie Chen , Rohini Bala Chandran

Research in spintronics often involves generation of heat in nanoscale magnetic systems. This heat generation can be intentional, as when studying effects created by an external applied temperature difference, or unintentional, coming as a…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2022-11-15 Barry L Zink

Heat pipe is an efficient heat transfer element based on two-phase natural circulation, which has advantages of simple structure, strong heat transfer ability, and good isothermal performance. Heat pipes are widely used in heat transfer and…

Applied Physics · Physics 2024-11-19 Ziyi Wang , Huang Zhang , Shanfang Huang

Thermal comfort of textiles plays an indispensable role in the process of human civilization. Advanced textile for personal thermal management shapes body microclimates by merely regulating heat transfer between the skin and local ambient…

Applied Physics · Physics 2021-03-09 X. Lan , Y. Wang , J. Peng , Y. Si , J. Ren , B. Ding , B. Li

A nonequilibrium distribution function of microscopic thermal current is studied by a direct numerical simulation in a thermal conducting steady state of particle systems. Two characteristic temperatures of the thermal current are…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-04-01 Satoshi Yukawa , Takashi Shimada , Fumiko Ogushi , Nobuyasu Ito

The size of quantum information -- or entanglement -- transfer rates between subsystems is a generic question in problems ranging from decoherence in quantum computation and sensing, to quantum underpinnings of thermodynamics, to the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-01-02 Steven B. Giddings , Massimiliano Rota

In this paper, a 3D conjugated heat transfer model for Nano-Encapsulated Phase Change Materials (NEPCMs) cooled Micro Pin Fin Heat Sink (MPFHS) is presented. The governing equations of flow and heat transfer are solved using a finite volume…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2016-02-15 Bahram Rajabifar , Hamid Reza Seyf , Yuwen Zhang , Sanjeev K. Khanna

We use direct numerical simulations to investigate the interaction between the temperature field of a fluid and the temperature of small particles suspended in the flow, employing both one and two-way thermal coupling, in a statistically…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2020-01-08 Maurizio Carbone , Andrew D. Bragg , Michele Iovieno

The recent development of a scanning thermal microscope (SThM) has led to measurements of radiative heat transfer between a heated sensor and a cooled sample down to the nanometer range. This allows for comparision of the known theoretical…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2011-03-18 Svend-Age Biehs

We present measurements of the near-field heat transfer between the tip of a thermal profiler and planar material surfaces under ultrahigh vacuum conditions. For tip-sample distances below 10-8 m our results differ markedly from the…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2015-05-27 Achim Kittel , Wolfgang Müller-Hirsch , Jürgen Parisi , Svend-Age Biehs , Daniel Reddig , Martin Holthaus