Related papers: Call-by-value Termination in the Untyped lambda-ca…
We adapt Fiore, Plotkin, and Turi's treatment of abstract syntax with binding, substitution, and holes to account for languages with second-class sorts. These situations include programming calculi such as the Call-by-Value lambda-calculus…
We give an algebraic characterization of the syntax and operational semantics of a class of simply-typed languages, such as the language PCF: we characterize simply-typed syntax with variable binding and equipped with reduction rules via a…
We present a rich type system with subtyping for an extension of System F. Our type constructors include sum and product types, universal and existential quantifiers, inductive and coinductive types. The latter two size annotations allowing…
Large language models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable success in a wide range of tasks. However, their reasoning capabilities, particularly in complex domains like mathematics, remain a significant challenge. Value-based process verifiers,…
We investigate leave-one-out cross validation (CV) as a determinator of the weight of the penalty term in the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO). First, on the basis of the message passing algorithm and a perturbative…
Levy's call-by-push-value is a comprehensive programming paradigm that combines elements from functional and imperative programming, supports computational effects and subsumes both call-by-value and call-by-name evaluation strategies. In…
Since the success of GPT, large language models (LLMs) have been revolutionizing machine learning and have initiated the so-called LLM prompting paradigm. In the era of LLMs, people train a single general-purpose LLM and provide the LLM…
We investigate the asymptotic number of elements of size $n$ in a particular class of closed lambda-terms (so-called $BCI(p)$-terms) which are related to axiom systems of combinatory logic. By deriving a differential equation for the…
Repeated sampling is a standard way to spend test-time compute, but its benefit is controlled by the latent distribution of correctness across examples, not by one-call accuracy alone. We study the binary correctness layer of repeated LLM…
In this paper we propose a new way of proving the value of a firm that is currently producing a certain product and faces the option to exit the market. The problem of optimal exiting is an optimal stopping problem, that can be solved using…
If the result of an expensive computation is invalidated by a small change to the input, the old result should be updated incrementally instead of reexecuting the whole computation. We incrementalize programs through their derivative. A…
We introduce a new approach for the numerical pricing of American options. The main idea is to choose a finite number of suitable excessive functions (randomly) and to find the smallest majorant of the gain function in the span of these…
Reversible Boolean Circuits are an interesting computational model under many aspects and in different fields, ranging from Reversible Computing to Quantum Computing. Our contribution is to describe a specific class of Reversible Boolean…
Researchers and practitioners operating on a limited budget face the cost-performance trade-off dilemma. The challenging decision often centers on whether to use a large LLM with better performance or a smaller one with reduced costs. This…
The theory of finite term algebras provides a natural framework to describe the semantics of functional languages. The ability to efficiently reason about term algebras is essential to automate program analysis and verification for…
We introduce a novel paradigm for reducing the size of finite automata by compressing repeating sub-graphs. These repeating sub-graphs can be viewed as invocations of a single procedure. Instead of representing each invocation explicitly,…
Bottom-up knowledge compilation is a paradigm for generating representations of functions by iteratively conjoining constraints using a so-called apply function. When the input is not efficiently compilable into a language - generally a…
Large language models (LLMs) often struggle with maintaining accuracy throughout multiple multiple reasoning steps, especially in mathematical reasoning where an error in earlier steps can propagate to subsequent ones and it ultimately…
We study the computational complexity of exact minimisation of rational-valued discrete functions. Let $\Gamma$ be a set of rational-valued functions on a fixed finite domain; such a set is called a finite-valued constraint language. The…
The decidability of the reachability problem for finitary PCF has been used as a theoretical basis for fully automated verification tools for functional programs. The reachability problem, however, often becomes undecidable for a slight…