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A survey of atomic binding energies used by general purpose Monte Carlo systems is reported. Various compilations of these parameters have been evaluated; their accuracy is estimated with respect to experimental data. Their effects on…
For most of the Ultra-High-Energy-Cosmic-Ray (UHECR) experiments and projects (HiRes, AUGER, TA, JEM-EUSO, TUS,...), the detection technique of Extensive Air Showers is based, at least, on the measurement of the air-fluorescence-induced…
One of the methods for studying the highest energy cosmic rays is to measure the fluorescence light emitted by the extensive air showers induced by them. To reconstruct a shower cascade curve from measurements of the number of photons…
The correlation energy of the homogeneous three-dimensional interacting electron gas is calculated using the variational and fixed-node diffusion Monte Carlo methods, with trial functions that include backflow and three-body correlations.…
Measurements are reported on the fluorescence of air as a function of depth in electromagnetic showers initiated by bunches of 28.5 GeV electrons. The light yield is compared with the expected and observed depth profiles of ionization in…
A simple model for the estimation of the light yield of a scintillation detector is developed under general assumptions and relying exclusively on the knowledge of its optical properties. The model allows to easily incorporate effects…
Some properties of the electron-electron collision operator in graphene are analyzed along with the evaluation of collision rate. Monte Carlo simulations complete the study and highlight the non-negligible role of the electron-electron…
A theoretical approach was developed to describe secondary particle emission in heavy ion collisions, with special regards to pre-equilibrium {\alpha}-particle production. Griffin's model of non-equilibrium processes is used to account for…
Atmospheric scattering of light emitted by an air shower not only attenuates direct fluorescence light from the shower, but also contributes to the observed shower light. So far only direct and singly-scattered Cherenkov photons have been…
Liquid water has been proved to be an excellent medium for specimen structure imaging by a scanning electron microscope. Knowledge of electron-water interaction physics and particularly the secondary electron yield is essential to the…
The structural evolution of laser-excited systems of gold has previously been measured through ultrafast MeV electron diffraction. However, there has been a long-standing inability of atomistic simulations to provide a consistent picture of…
Within thunderstorms electrons can gain energies of up to hundred(s) of MeV. These electrons can create X-rays and gamma-rays as Bremsstrahlung when they collide with air molecules. Here we calculate the distribution of angles between…
Understanding the transport of photogenerated charge carriers in semiconductors is crucial for applications in photovoltaics, optoelectronics and photo-detectors. While recent experimental studies using scanning ultrafast electron…
A key assumption in the reconstruction of extensive air showers using the air fluorescence technique is the hypothesis that fluorescence is proportional to energy deposition at all depths in the shower. This ansatz, along with the…
Models for characterization of laser-accelerated electron via its produced bremsstrahlung are provided for both thin and thick targets. An effective temperature functional is proposed to overcome the so-called cold and hot "temperatures" in…
Several physics methods for the simulation of the photoelectric effect are quantitatively evaluated with respect to a large collection of experimental data retrieved from the literature. They include theoretical and empirical calculations…
A precision measurement of atmospheric electron fluxes has been performed on a Japanese commercial airliner (Enomoto, {\it et al.}, 1991). We have performed a monte carlo calculation of the cosmic ray secondary electron fluxes expected in…
The reconstruction of the energy and the depth of maximum $X_{\rm max}$ of an extensive air shower depends on the multiple scattering of fluorescence photons in the atmosphere. In this work, we explain how atmospheric aerosols, and…
Here we present the derivation, description and results of a Monte Carlo-based algorithm for simulating inelastic scattering of photo-electrons when passing through some scattering medium, such as a gas atmosphere or a solid material. The…
Based on an invariant embedding principle for the backscattering function we calculate the electron emission yield for metal surfaces at very low electron impact energies. Solving the embedding equation within a quasi-isotropic…