Related papers: A general Lagrange Theorem
We discuss the use of the variational principle within quaternionic quantum mechanics. This is non-trivial because of the non commutative nature of quaternions. We derive the Dirac Lagrangian density corresponding to the two-component Dirac…
The logical line is traced of formulation of theory of mechanics founded on the basic correlations of mathematics of hypercomplex numbers and associated geometric images. Namely, it is shown that the physical equations of quantum, classical…
Among all sequences that satisfy a divide-and-conquer recurrence, the sequences that are rational with respect to a numeration system are certainly the most immediate and most essential. Nevertheless, until recently they have not been…
For a given length and a given degree and an arbitrary partition of the positive integers, there always is a cell containing a polynomial progression of that length and that degree; moreover, the coefficients of the generating polynomial…
We show that the statistics of the continued fraction expansion of a randomly chosen rational in the unit interval, with a fixed large denominator $q$, approaches the Gauss-Kuzmin statistics with polynomial rate in $q$. This improves on…
Let $X$ be a normal variety over a perfect field of positive characteristic and $B$ a reduced divisor on $X$. We prove that if the Cartier isomorphism on the log smooth locus of $(X,B)$ extends to the entire $X$, then $(X,B)$ satisfies the…
In this article, we prove two new versions of a theorem proven by Efron in [Efr65]. Efron's theorem says that if a function $\phi : \mathbb{R}^2 \rightarrow \mathbb{R}$ is non-decreasing in each argument then we have that the function $s…
Systems of ordinary differential equations (or dynamical forms in Lagrangian mechanics), induced by embeddings of smooth fibered manifolds over one-dimensional basis, are considered in the class of variational equations. For a given…
Fractional calculus is the calculus of differentiation and integration of non-integer orders. In a recently paper (Annals of Physics 323 (2008) 2756-2778), the Fundamental Theorem of Fractional Calculus is highlighted. Based on this…
An Engel series is a sum of reciprocals of a non-decreasing sequence $(x_n)$ of positive integers, which is such that each term is divisible by the previous one, and a Pierce series is an alternating sum of the reciprocals of a sequence…
In 2022, Bergelson and Richter gave a new dynamical generalization of the prime number theorem by establishing an ergodic theorem along the number of prime factors of integers. They also showed that this generalization holds as well if the…
It is well-known that Lagrange's four-square theorem, stating that every natural number may be written as the sum of four squares, may be proved using methods from the classical theory of modular forms and theta functions. We revisit this…
The connection between continued fractions and orthogonality which is familiar for $J$-fractions and $T$-fractions is extended to what we call $R$-fractions of type I and II. These continued fractions are associated with recurrence…
We propose a generalized diffusion equation for a flat Euclidean space subjected to a continuous infinitesimal scale transform. For the special cases of an algebraic or exponential expansion/contraction, governed by time-dependent scale…
Multidimensional continued fractions generalize classical continued fractions with the aim of providing periodic representations of algebraic irrationalities by means of integer sequences. However, there does not exist any algorithm that…
This work contains an exposition of foundations of the variational calculus in fibered manifolds. The emphasis is laid on the geometric aspects of the theory. Especially functionals defined by real functions (Lagrange functions) or…
Proper continued fractions are generalized continued fractions with positive integer numerators $a_i$ and integer denominators with $b_i\geq a_i$. In this paper we study the strength of approximation of irrational numbers to their…
We study how the asymptotic irrationality exponent of a given generalized continued fraction \[ \K_{n=1}^\infty \frac{a_n}{b_n}\,,\quad a_n, b_n\in \mathbb{Z}^+, \] behaves as a function of growth properties of partial coefficient sequences…
We consider series expansions in bases of classical orthogonal polynomials. When such a series solves a linear differential equation with polynomial coefficients, its coefficients satisfy a linear recurrence equation. We interpret this…
The continued fraction mapping maps a number in the interval $[0,1)$ to the sequence of its partial quotients. When restricted to the set of irrationals, which is a subspace of the Euclidean space $\mathbb{R}$, the continued fraction…