Related papers: Binary linear forms as sums of two squares

We consider representations of real forms of even degree as a linear combination of powers of real linear forms, counting the number of positive and negative coefficients. We show that the natural generalization of Sylvester's Law of…

We prove that suitable asymptotic formulae in short intervals hold for the problems of representing an integer as a sum of a prime square and a square, or a prime square. Such results are obtained both assuming the Riemann Hypothesis and in…

We determine the rank of a general real binary form of degree d=4 and d=5. In the case d=5, the possible values of the rank of such general forms are 3,4,5. The existence of three typical ranks was unexpected. We prove that a real binary…

Chebyshev famously observed empirically that more often than not, there are more primes of the form $3 \bmod 4$ up to $x$ than of the form $1 \bmod 4$. This was confirmed theoretically much later by Rubinstein and Sarnak in a logarithmic…

In this paper, we introduce the notion of the Hom-Leibniz-Rinehart algebra as an algebraic analogue of Hom-Leibniz algebroid, and prove that such an arbitrary split regular Hom-Leibniz-Rinehart algebra $L$ is of the form $L=U+\sum_\gamma…

We derive asymptotic formulas with a secondary term for the (smoothly weighted) count of number of integer solutions of height $\leqslant B$ with local conditions to the equation $F(x_1,x_2,x_3)=m$, where $F$ is a non-degenerate indefinite…

Problems in additive number theory related to sum and difference sets, more general binary linear forms, and representation functions of additive bases for the integers and nonnegative integers.

The aim of this paper is to study the structures of split regular Hom-Lie Rinehart algebras. Let $(L,A)$ be a split regular Hom-Lie Rinehart algebra. We first show that $L$ is of the form $L=U+\sum_{[\gamma]\in\Gamma/\thicksim}I_{[\gamma]}$…

We obtain the exponent of distribution $1/2+1/30$ for the ternary divisor function $d_3$ to square-free and prime power moduli, improving the previous results of Fouvry--Kowalski--Michel, Heath-Brown, and Friedlander--Iwaniec. The key input…

Lie-theoretic structures of type $E_8$ (e.g., Lie groups and algebras, Hecke algebras and Kazhdan-Lusztig cells, ...) are considered to serve as a `gold standard' when it comes to judging the effectiveness of a general algorithm for solving…

Linear algebra is usually defined over a field such as the reals or complex numbers. It is possible to extend this to skew fields such as the quaternions. However, to the authors' knowledge there is no commonly accepted notation of linear…

Let $\Lambda$ be the von Mangoldt function and $r_{Q}\left(n\right)=\sum_{m_{1}+m_{2}^{2}+m_{3}^{2}=n}\Lambda\left(m_{1}\right)$ be the counting function for the numbers that can be written as sum of a prime and two squares (that we will…

The ordinal sum of t-norms on a bounded lattice has been used to construct other t-norms. However, an ordinal sum of binary operations (not necessarily t-norms) defined on the fixed subintervals of a bounded lattice may not be a t-norm.…

If f(x_1, x_2, ..., x_n) is a polynomial dependent on a large number of independent Bernoulli random variables, what can be said about the maximum concentration of f on any single value? For linear polynomials, this reduces to one version…

We obtain an asymptotic formula with a power-saving error term for counting the integer points $(a,b,c,d)$ in an expanding box $[-X,X]^4$ that satisfy the determinant equation $x_1x_2-x_3x_4=r$ for $r \neq 0$ with two of entries to be…

A generic construction of linear codes over finite fields has recently received a lot of attention, and many one-weight, two-weight and three-weight codes with good error correcting capability have been produced with this generic approach.…

Linear codes with a few weights can be applied to communication, consumer electronics and data storage system. In addition, the weight hierarchy of linear codes has many applications such as on the type II wire-tap channel, dealing with…

Marginal polytopes are important geometric objects that arise in statistics as the polytopes underlying hierarchical log-linear models. These polytopes can be used to answer geometric questions about these models, such as determining the…

Let $d>r\ge 0$ be integers. For positive integers $a,b,c$, if any term of the arithmetic progression $\{r+dn:\ n=0,1,2,\ldots\}$ can be written as $ax^2+by^2+cz^2$ with $x,y,z\in\mathbb{Z}$, then the form $ax^2+by^2+cz^2$ is called…

The general linear quaternion function of degree one is a sum of terms with quaternion coefficients on the left and right. The paper considers the canonic form of such a function, and builds on the recent work of Todd Ell, who has shown…